Importance of Chain Length in Propagation Reaction on •OH Formation during Ozonation of Wastewater Effluent.

During the ozonation of wastewater, hydroxyl radicals (•OH) induced by the reactions of ozone (O3) with effluent organic matters (EfOMs) play an essential role in degrading ozone-refractory micropollutants. The •OH yield provides the absolute •OH formation during ozonation. However, the conventional "tert-Butanol (t-BuOH) assay" cannot accurately determine the •OH yield since the propagation reactions are inhibited, and there have been few studies on •OH production induced by EfOM fractions during ozonation. Alternatively, a "competitive method", which added trace amounts of the •OH probe compound to compete with the water matrix and took initiation reactions and propagation reactions into account, was used to determine the actual •OH yields (Φ) compared with that obtained by the "t-BuOH assay" (φ). The Φ were significantly higher than φ, indicating that the propagation reactions played important roles in •OH formation. The chain propagation reactions facilitation of EfOMs and fractions can be expressed by the chain length (n). The study found significant differences in Φ for EfOMs and fractions, precisely because they have different n. The actual •OH yield can be calculated by n and φ as Φ = φ (1 + n)/(nφ + 1), which can be used to accurately predict the removal of micropollutants during ozonation of wastewater.

[1]  Yijing Zheng,et al.  Insights into the photocatalytic activation persulfate by visible light over ReS2/MIL-88B(Fe) for highly efficient degradation of ibuprofen: Combination of experimental and theoretical study , 2022, Separation and Purification Technology.

[2]  Yujue Wang,et al.  Challenges and pitfalls in the investigation of the catalytic ozonation mechanism: A critical review. , 2022, Journal of hazardous materials.

[3]  Xiaochang C. Wang,et al.  Characteristics of dissolved ozone flotation for the enhanced treatment of bio-treated drilling wastewater from a gas field. , 2022, Chemosphere.

[4]  Jun Huang,et al.  Can the commonly used quenching method really evaluate the role of reactive oxygen species in pollutant abatement during catalytic ozonation? , 2022, Water research.

[5]  Xiaozi Lin,et al.  The role of hydroxylation on·OH generation for enhanced ozonation of benzoic acids: Reactivity, ozonation efficiency and radical formation mechanism. , 2022, Journal of hazardous materials.

[6]  A. Islam,et al.  Identification of visible colored dissolved organic matter in biological and tertiary municipal effluents using multiple approaches including PARAFAC analysis. , 2022, Journal of environmental sciences.

[7]  A. C. Herath,et al.  Characterization of humic substances isolated from a tropical zone and their role in membrane fouling , 2022, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering.

[8]  T. Schmidt,et al.  Influence of water matrix on the degradation of organic micropollutants by ozone based processes: A review on oxidant scavenging mechanism. , 2022, Journal of hazardous materials.

[9]  H. Ren,et al.  Effects of DOM characteristics from real wastewater on the degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds by the UV/H2O2 process. , 2021, Journal of environmental sciences.

[10]  Qian-Yuan Wu,et al.  The promotions on radical formation and micropollutant degradation by the synergies between ozone and chemical reagents (synergistic ozonation): A review. , 2021, Journal of hazardous materials.

[11]  U. von Gunten,et al.  Quantification of the electron donating capacity and UV absorbance of dissolved organic matter during ozonation of secondary wastewater effluent by an assay and an automated analyzer. , 2020, Water research.

[12]  Christina K. Remucal,et al.  Molecular-level transformation of dissolved organic matter during oxidation by ozone and hydroxyl radical. , 2020, Environmental science & technology.

[13]  Jun Ma,et al.  Superfast degradation of refractory organic contaminants by ozone activated with thiosulfate: Efficiency and mechanisms. , 2020, Water research.

[14]  Jun Huang,et al.  Modelling of emerging contaminant removal during heterogeneous catalytic ozonation using chemical kinetic approaches. , 2019, Journal of hazardous materials.

[15]  Yujue Wang,et al.  Comparison of emerging contaminant abatement by conventional ozonation, catalytic ozonation, O3/H2O2 and electro-peroxone processes. , 2019, Journal of hazardous materials.

[16]  U. von Gunten,et al.  Proxies to monitor the inactivation of viruses by ozone in surface water and wastewater effluent. , 2019, Water research.

[17]  Christa S. McArdell,et al.  Reactions of aliphatic amines with ozone: Kinetics and mechanisms. , 2019, Water research.

[18]  M. Wagner,et al.  Systematic review of toxicity removal by advanced wastewater treatment technologies via ozonation and activated carbon. , 2019, Environmental science & technology.

[19]  L. Chai,et al.  Mechanistic Study on the Role of Soluble Microbial Products in Sulfate Radical-Mediated Degradation of Pharmaceuticals. , 2018, Environmental science & technology.

[20]  Muhammad Farooq Saleem Khan,et al.  Novel insights into variation of dissolved organic matter during textile wastewater treatment by fluorescence excitation emission matrix , 2018 .

[21]  Jun Huang,et al.  Comparison of pharmaceutical abatement in various water matrices by conventional ozonation, peroxone (O3/H2O2), and an electro-peroxone process. , 2018, Water research.

[22]  I. Nopens,et al.  Surrogate-Based Correlation Models in View of Real-Time Control of Ozonation of Secondary Treated Municipal Wastewater-Model Development and Dynamic Validation. , 2017, Environmental science & technology.

[23]  L. Chai,et al.  Mechanistic insight into reactivity of sulfate radical with aromatic contaminants through single-electron transfer pathway , 2017 .

[24]  Douglas R. Borgatti,et al.  Formation of Low-Molecular-Weight Dissolved Organic Nitrogen in Predenitrification Biological Nutrient Removal Systems and Its Impact on Eutrophication in Coastal Waters. , 2017, Environmental science & technology.

[25]  H. Furumai,et al.  Molecular characterization of low molecular weight dissolved organic matter in water reclamation processes using Orbitrap mass spectrometry. , 2016, Water research.

[26]  Jun Ma,et al.  Deethylatrazine as a more appropriate hydroxyl radical probe compound during ozonation: Comparison with the widely used p-chlorobenzoic acid , 2016 .

[27]  J. Grant,et al.  A comparative study of the hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity of activated sludge and membrane bioreactor wastewater effluents. , 2016, Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research.

[28]  Zhuo Chen,et al.  Differences in dissolved organic matter between reclaimed water source and drinking water source. , 2016, The Science of the total environment.

[29]  Jaedon Shin,et al.  Influence of Seasonal Variation of Water Temperature and Dissolved Organic Matter on Ozone and OH Radical Reaction Kinetics During Ozonation of a Lake Water , 2016 .

[30]  K. McNeill,et al.  On the use of hydroxyl radical kinetics to assess the number-average molecular weight of dissolved organic matter. , 2014, Environmental science & technology.

[31]  Chihpin Huang,et al.  Fate of hydrolyzed Al species in humic acid coagulation. , 2014, Water research.

[32]  G. Levy,et al.  Fluorescent components of organic matter in wastewater: efficacy and selectivity of the water treatment. , 2014, Water research.

[33]  K. Linden,et al.  Identifying the factors that influence the reactivity of effluent organic matter with hydroxyl radicals. , 2014, Water research.

[34]  Kathleen R. Murphy,et al.  Fluorescence spectroscopy and multi-way techniques. PARAFAC , 2013 .

[35]  T. Schmidt,et al.  The (•)OH radical yield in the H2O2 + O3 (peroxone) reaction. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[36]  Yi-Pin Lin,et al.  Kinetics of Natural Organic Matter as the Initiator, Promoter, and Inhibitor, and Their Influences on the Removal of Ibuprofen in Ozonation , 2013 .

[37]  Daniel Gerrity,et al.  Prediction of micropollutant elimination during ozonation of municipal wastewater effluents: use of kinetic and water specific information. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[38]  I. Nopens,et al.  Comparison of ozone and HO· induced conversion of effluent organic matter (EfOM) using ozonation and UV/H2O2 treatment. , 2013, Water research.

[39]  U. Gunten,et al.  Chemistry of Ozone in Water and Wastewater Treatment , 2012 .

[40]  R. Schwarzenbach,et al.  Antioxidant properties of humic substances. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[41]  S. Mezyk,et al.  Temperature dependence of the reaction between the hydroxyl radical and organic matter. , 2011, Environmental Science and Technology.

[42]  R. Stuetz,et al.  Organic matter fluorescence in municipal water recycling schemes: toward a unified PARAFAC model. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.

[43]  W. Knolle,et al.  Degradation of ozone-refractory organic phosphates in wastewater by ozone and ozone/hydrogen peroxide (peroxone): the role of ozone consumption by dissolved organic matter. , 2010, Environmental science & technology.

[44]  S. Mezyk,et al.  Reactivity of effluent organic matter (EfOM) with hydroxyl radical as a function of molecular weight. , 2010, Environmental science & technology.

[45]  P. Lens,et al.  Extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from anaerobic granular sludges: comparison of chemical and physical extraction protocols , 2010, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[46]  H. Fahlenkamp,et al.  Ozonation of wastewater: rate of ozone consumption and hydroxyl radical yield. , 2009, Environmental science & technology.

[47]  Shane A Snyder,et al.  Effect of ozone exposure on the oxidation of trace organic contaminants in wastewater. , 2009, Water research.

[48]  B. Tsai,et al.  FRACTIONATION OF SOLUBLE MICROBIAL PRODUCTS (SMP) AND SOLUBLE EXTRACELLULAR POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES (EPS) FROM WASTEWATER SLUDGE , 2008, Environmental technology.

[49]  Devin F R Doud,et al.  Quantitative correlation of absolute hydroxyl radical rate constants with non-isolated effluent organic matter bulk properties in water. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[50]  G. Amy,et al.  Understanding soluble microbial products (SMP) as a component of effluent organic matter (EfOM). , 2007, Water research.

[51]  W. J. Cooper,et al.  Electron pulse radiolysis determination of hydroxyl radical rate constants with Suwannee River fulvic acid and other dissolved organic matter isolates. , 2007, Environmental science & technology.

[52]  Matthias Wessling,et al.  Outside-in trimming of humic substances during ozonation in a membrane contactor. , 2006, Environmental science & technology.

[53]  M. Jekel,et al.  Ozonation and Advanced Oxidation of Wastewater: Effect of O3 Dose, pH, DOM and HO•-Scavengers on Ozone Decomposition and HO• Generation , 2006 .

[54]  U. von Gunten,et al.  Phenols and amine induced HO* generation during the initial phase of natural water ozonation. , 2006, Environmental science & technology.

[55]  Jeyong Yoon,et al.  Investigation of Ozone Reaction in River Waters Causing Instantaneous Ozone Demand , 2003 .

[56]  C. von Sonntag,et al.  Ozonolysis of phenols in aqueous solution. , 2003, Organic & biomolecular chemistry.

[57]  G. Mark,et al.  Determination of •OH, O2•-, and Hydroperoxide Yields in Ozone Reactions in Aqueous Solution† , 2003 .

[58]  Urs von Gunten,et al.  Degradation Kinetics of Atrazine and Its Degradation Products with Ozone and OH Radicals: A Predictive Tool for Drinking Water Treatment , 2000 .

[59]  J. Hoigne,et al.  Characterization Of Water Quality Criteria for Ozonation Processes. Part II: Lifetime of Added Ozone , 1994 .

[60]  C. Sonntag,et al.  Degradation of the polysaccharide alginic acid: a comparison of the effects of UV light and ozone , 1990 .

[61]  J. Staehelin,et al.  Decomposition of ozone in water in the presence of organic solutes acting as promoters and inhibitors of radical chain reactions. , 1985, Environmental science & technology.

[62]  T NASH,et al.  The colorimetric estimation of formaldehyde by means of the Hantzsch reaction. , 1953, The Biochemical journal.

[63]  U. von Gunten.  Oxidation Processes in Water Treatment: Are We on Track? , 2018, Environmental science & technology.

[64]  Jun Ma,et al.  Role of the propagation reactions on the hydroxyl radical formation in ozonation and peroxone (ozone/hydrogen peroxide) processes. , 2015, Water research.

[65]  Yan Liu,et al.  Influence of soluble microbial products (SMP) on wastewater disinfection byproducts: trihalomethanes and haloacetic acid species from the chlorination of SMP , 2011, Environmental science and pollution research international.

[66]  Devin F R Doud,et al.  Effect of Ozone Oxidation on the Molecular and Kinetic Properties of Effluent Organic Matter , 2008 .

[67]  J. Hoigne,et al.  Determination of ozone in water by the indigo method , 1981 .