Wave Loading on Bridge Decks

This report covers the results of experimental and theoretical analyses of wave loading on bridge superstructures. A number of wave tank tests were performed on both slab and girder type spans with different water depths, span positions relative to the still water level and wave heights and periods. The model structures were instrumented with three component load cells and pressure transducers. The wave forces which are, in general, composed of a wave frequency (quasi-static) component and a high frequency slamming force component were both measured and analyzed. A theoretical model for the wave forces was developed and the wave tank test results used to determine the drag and inertia coefficients in the equations. The resulting equations were tested using field data from the damage to and destruction of the I10-Escambia Bay Bridge located near Pensacola, Florida caused by Hurricane Ivan in 2004.