CubeP Crowds: crowd simulation integrated into "Physiology-Psychology-Physics" factors

In this paper, we present a novel CubeP model for crowd simulation that comprehensively considers physiological, psychological, and physical factors. Inspired by the theory of "the devoted actor", our model determines the movement of each individual by modeling the physical influence from physical strength and emotion. In particular, human physical strength is efficiently computed with a physiology-based method. Inspired by James-Lange theory, the emotion is determined by means of an enhanced susceptible-infectious-recovered model that leverages the inherent relation between the physical strength and the psychological emotion. As far as we know, this is the first time that we integrate physiological, psychological, and physical factors together in a unified manner, and the relationship between each other is explicitly determined. The results and comparisons with real-world video sequences verify that the new model is capable of generating effects similar to real-world scenarios. It can also reliably predict the changes in the physical strength and emotion of individuals in an emergency situation. We evaluate and validate the performance of our model in different scenarios.