Bi-Level Programming Model for Urban Bus Lanes' Layout

Planning of urban bus lane network is one of the most important measures to improve buses' efficiency and to embody bus priority fully. For effective arrangement of bus lanes, on the basis of traffic zones' division, considering accessibility constraint and the total bus lanes' length constraint, the bi-level programming model for urban bus lanes' layout is set up. The upper level problem is a multi-objective function which is to minimize the total travel time and the total bus lanes' length and the total transfer times; the lower level of the model is a capacity-constrained traffic assignment model that describes passenger flow assignment on bus lines. By this bi-level programming model, the optimal bus lines are selected from all possible bus lines, and so the corresponding bus lane network with the selected bus lines is also ascertained. The solution method using genetic algorithm of the bi-level programming model is also presented and by an example the