Neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets

Abstract Permanent magnet research and technology have been propelled into a new era by the rare earth-iron-boron materials, R 2 Fe 14 B. Energy products surpassing all previous values have been attained in magnets based on Nd 2 Fe 14 B, the prototypical compound. In this review we place Nd-Fe-B in the historical context of permanent magnet evolution, summarize the intrinsic properties of the R 2 Fe 14 B phases, and discuss the properties of practical Nd-Fe-B magnets produced by the two methods in present commercial use.

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