Using Exergy to Assess Regional and National Energy Utilization: A Comparative Review

The use of exergy to assess energy-utilization efficiencies for energy systems is described. Furthermore, energy and exergy losses are compared, demonstrating that the latter represent the actual deviation of efficiency from the ideal. The methodology is outlined and illustrated with several case studies, including the province of Ontario, Canada and the USA. The approach utilizes data on the energy utilization in a country or region, including flows of energy and exergy through the main sectors of the economy. The results are expected to be of use to government and public authorities that administer regional and national energy systems and carry out planning, and should help improve the effectiveness of such endeavours.

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