相关论文
2019 - Inventive Computation Technologies
Implementation of Visible Foreground Abstraction Algorithm in MATLAB Using Raspberry Pi

The Visual Surveillance system has been an active subject matter due to its importance in security purpose. Detection of moving objects in a video sequence is obligatory in many computer vision applications. The present Visual Surveillance system is not smart enough to take its own actions based on the observations. Crime rate can be reduced greatly if the surveillance systems are able to take their own actions based on the observations. This can be achieved by implementing algorithms with compact hardware in the surveillance system. This paper depicts the real time hardware implementation of Visible Foreground Abstraction (VFA) algorithm in raspberry pi. In this work, the main concentration is the design of VFA algorithm in MATLAB® and its implementation using Raspberry Pi module. The design and implementation has yielded better accuracy than previous algorithms.

1996
Visual Surveillance of the Back Area of the Artillery Training Range ASK in Oldebroek, The Netherlands Visuele bewaking van het achterterrein op het oefenschietkamp ASK in Oldebroek).

Abstract : The primary surveillance of the artillery training range ASK in Oldebroek, The Netherlands, is done from the observation tower at a top at the southwest side of the Oldebroek's moor, and from a new tower, which is being built at a closer distance from the target area. The back part of the terrain cannot be watched from these observation points. Therefore, surveillance of the range also takes place by jeep patrol. This method is very labor intensive, and cannot be very effective since the area of the total open terrain is quite large: about 7 km by 2-3 km. This report advises to improve the surveillance with the aid of a video camera system. It is proposed to install five remotely controlled video camera units to achieve a more effective surveillance of a part of the open terrain: the back part, which has an area of 10 km squared. Camera positions, data transmission, and image presentation are discussed. Necessary conditions for an effective surveillance are given, and several alternatives for the realisation of the set-up are presented. The possibilities of dual camera's (2 fields of view), and (colour) contrast amplification are also discussed.

2009 - AFRICON 2009
Statistical modeling of video object's behavior for improved object tracking in visual surveillance

This paper describes a post processing method for detected video objects to enhance the quality of detection. Starting with a basic set of video parameters (such as video frame and time, label of objects, the objects position in pixel, the width and height of object's bounding box) statistical parameters (such as arithmetic mean and standard deviation) about features are computed and with these parameters different statistical models are built. These models can be used to estimate the “normality” of an object's behavior.

2012 - International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies
Special issue on Surveillance Systems for Air Navigation Services

The need for increasing safety, efficiency, and environmental compatibility in the air transport system requires upgrading of the control and traffic management for aircraft in air and in ground operations, as well as for surface service vehicles at the airport. The related communications, navigation, and surveillance (CNS) infrastructures call for enhanced positioning and identification techniques such as non-cooperating sensors (including multi-static and passive radar), cooperating, independent systems such as multi-lateration (MLAT) and wide area MLAT (WAM), and cooperating, dependent systems mostly represented by the automatic-dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B). Most enhanced surveillance infrastructures are spatially distributed (i.e. with many receiving or transmitting/receiving stations) and logically distributed (i.e. with local and central processing and with fusion of different information sources, including the traditional primary and secondary radar). In this frame, new system architectures and new algorithms for integrity monitoring and for multi-sensor data fusion are required. Security and defense systems use similar algorithms for passive location of targets based on measurements of time of arrival (TOA) and its differences (time difference of arrival (TDOA)), as well as of Doppler frequency and its differences (frequency difference of arrival (FDOA)), possibly combined with angular/direction measurements (angle of arrival (AOA)/ direction of arrival (DOA)). The workshop “Enhanced Surveillance for Vehicles and Aircraft”, held in Capri in September 2011 (ESAV’11), addressed the various topics highlighted above. Not only did engineering and scientific staff contribute, but also policymakers from Europe and from the United States of America presented their point of view on the ongoing programmes and the future needs. It appears that the automatic-dependent surveillance, i.e. the cooperative positioning and identification of aircraft and vehicles based on on-board derived data (such as from ground position system (GPS)) and communicated toward other aircraft and ground-based stations is gaining in relevance. Conversely, it is also clear that the independent surveillance (based on radar, specially the “primary” radar, i.e. requiring no cooperation at all from the target, and, in a limited time frame from now, the “secondary” radar, i.e. based on the interrogation of today’s standard and mandatory Mode S transponder on-board) will maintain to be relevant for the monitoring of both air and surface traffic. As a matter of fact, there is a general consensus that the stringent surveillance requirements can only be satisfied by the “fusion” of different sensors, including the independent and the non-cooperative ones, the latter being essential for security reasons. From the submissions it is evident that important concepts of passive and/or cooperative and dependent systems are fit for dual use. The papers that we have solicited for this special issue are concerned with technology, concepts and verification of independent non-cooperative systems, cooperative dependent systems, and independent cooperative systems. In the first group, one may rank systems such as active radar and passive coherent location (PCL). In the context of the workshop, it concerns a multimodal system for the detection of runway debris, waveforms for weather radar, principles for classification of objects using parameters that are invariant to the polarization of the electromagnetic field and PCL based on different types of emitters (FM radio, digital video broadcasting, and so on). The second group mainly consists of ADS-B systems, where the aircraft broadcast their own position. Deployment of such systems is ongoing all over the world, and the main issues are on verification and validation, as it is common practice in the rigorous standards of air traffic control. The third group concerns systems based on emissions from Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) transponders, e.g. based on hyperbolic location (MLAT) of these sources. Also issues concerned relate to how to deploy, locate, and exploit the receiving stations in an optimal manner. Finally, we have solicited a paper on technology for locating emitters on the ground from airborne platforms using passive techniques. We trust that this special issue will provide a true flavor of the current developments and trends, and therefore serve the best interests of the engineering and scientific communities.

2010 - 2010 International Conference on E-Health Networking Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (EDT)
Studies on internet real-name system and network action surveillance system

This paper puts forward a methodology of building network action surveillance system and a concept of knowledge base in active real-name system and automatic surveillance system. The purpose of this paper is to develop an effective evaluation model for network behaviours based on the actual situation of China, through analysis and study of privacy law to establish a real-name system for users of active participation and an automatic surveillance system, and develop an automatic surveillance system based on protocol, behavioral data and model,and this system can self-integrate and self-expand.

2014 - MMM
Fusing Appearance and Spatio-temporal Features for Multiple Camera Tracking

Multiple camera tracking is a challenging task for many surveillance systems. The objective of multiple camera tracking is to maintain trajectories of objects in the camera network. Due to ambiguities in appearance of objects, it is challenging to re-identify objects when they re-appear in other cameras. Most research works associate objects by using appearance features. In this work, we fuse appearance and spatio-temporal features for person re-identification. Our framework consists of two steps: preprocessing to reduce the number of association candidates and associating objects by using the probabilistic relative distance. We set up an experimental environment including 10 cameras and achieve a better performance than using appearance features only.

2001 - MVA
Detection and Estimation of Omni-Directional Pointing Gestures Using Multiple Cameras

We propose a multi-camera system that can detect omni-directional pointing gestures and estimate the direction of pointing. In general, when a human points at something, their target exists directly in front of the direction they are facing. Therefore, we regard the direction of pointing as the direction represented by the straight line that connects the face position with the hand position. First, the multiple cameras detect the face region by skin colors and estimate the face direction with the discrete face direction feature classes. Second, we estimate the precise direction that the subject is facing with the integrated information from multiple cameras and decide which camera captures the frontal view of the face the best. This camera is labeled the center camera. Third, we select a pair of cameras on both sides of the center camera as a stereo camera and detect the spatial positions of the face and hand. Finally, the target that the subject is pointing to is found on the straight line that connects the face position with the hand position. Experiments show that out system can achieve a mean error of 1.94" with a variance of 4.37 throughout the pointing direction.

2008
Visual surveillance in dynamic scene

Visual surveillance in dynamic scene, especially for vehicles, is currently one of the most active research topics in computer vision. It has a wide area of applications, including reduction of the road accidents, crowd flux statistics and congestion, identifying suspicious vehicles, etc. In general, the processing framework of visual surveillance in dynamic scene includes the following stages: modeling of environments, detection of motion, classification of moving objects, and tracking. The visual surveillance technique will be discussed trying to make a real time tracking and counting for vehicles.

2010 - 2010 IEEE/ACM Int'l Conference on Green Computing and Communications & Int'l Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing
The Multi-Modal Human Identification Based on Smartcard in Video Surveillance System

Recently, the use of security surveillance system including CCTV is increasing due to the increase of terrors and crimes. However as the data recorded through the video surveillance system is exposed, the invasion of privacy is raised. The research on the technology of protecting privacy from the surveillance system in addition to these organizations is actively carried out. At this time, to distinguish the human of privacy protection, the identification technique is necessary. For identification, the proposed system uses soft-biometrics such as color and height information based on smart card. It can obtain reliable feature information using smart card. In this paper, representative colors are extracted by applying octree-based color quantization technique to the clothing region and height is extracted from the geometrical information of the images. The identification is accomplished by comparing the similarities between two data based on Euclidean distance. Through identification by using multiple information rather than single information, the proposed system demonstrates the possibility of human identification under the surveillance camera environment.

2010 - Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
Preventive effect of green tea catechins on experimental tumor metastasis in senescence-accelerated mice.

Successful avoidance of the immune surveillance system is critical for the development of a blood-borne metastasis. Previous findings suggest that experimental tumor metastasis was enhanced in senescence-accelerated mice prone 10 (SAMP10) due to a reduction in immune surveillance potential with age. In the present study, water containing green tea (GT)-catechins was freely given to SAMP10 mice, and the chemopreventive effect of GT-catechin intake on tumor metastasis was examined. Natural killer cell activity, which is an indicator of immune surveillance potential and is reduced in control mice with age, was maintained by GT-catechin intake. The early accumulation of lung-metastatic K1735M2 melanoma cells in lungs after intravenous injection of the cells and subsequent experimental lung metastasis was investigated in mice given GT-catechins. The accumulation at 6 and 24 h after injection of K1735M2 cells was significantly suppressed, and the number of lung-metastatic colonies was significantly reduced, in comparison with those in control mice. The results suggest that GT-catechin intake prevented the experimental tumor metastasis in aged SAMP10 mice via its inhibition of a reduction in immune surveillance potential with age.

2014 - Current Diabetes Reports
Innovative Uses of Electronic Health Records and Social Media for Public Health Surveillance

Electronic health records (EHRs) and social media have the potential to enrich public health surveillance of diabetes. Clinical and patient-facing data sources for diabetes surveillance are needed given its profound public health impact, opportunity for primary and secondary prevention, persistent disparities, and requirement for self-management. Initiatives to employ data from EHRs and social media for diabetes surveillance are in their infancy. With their transformative potential come practical limitations and ethical considerations. We explore applications of EHR and social media for diabetes surveillance, limitations to approaches, and steps for moving forward in this partnership between patients, health systems, and public health.

2002 - Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
Routine computerised tomographic scans of the thorax in surveillance of stage I testicular non-seminomatous germ-cell cancer--a necessary risk?

BACKGROUND The standard management approach to stage I testicular non-seminomatous germ-cell tumours (NSGCT) in the UK is a surveillance programme with adjuvant bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy being offered to individuals with high risk disease. Conventionally, computed tomography (CT) scanning of the thorax has formed part of the surveillance programme. This paper evaluates the contribution of routine thoracic CT imaging in the management of this disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the case notes of 168 patients with stage I NSGCT referred to the Wessex Medical Oncology Unit over a period of 13 years (1986-1998). These patients entered onto a surveillance programme that included serial chest X-ray follow up rather than thoracic CT. RESULTS Forty-two out of 168 patients (25%) evaluated suffered relapse during the follow up period. Eight of 42 patients (19%) relapsed with intrathoracic disease. Seven out of eight of these patients (87.5%) had at least one other indicator of disease recurrence (elevated serum marker, abnormal abdominal CT). One of 42 patients (2.4%) relapsed with isolated intrathoracic disease with no other indicator of relapse. All patients with intrathoracic relapse had evidence of disease on chest X-ray. Of the 42 relapsing patients, 93% could be categorised as having good prognosis metastatic disease. Seven per cent relapsed with intermediate or poor prognostic disease; relapse in these patients would not have been detected earlier with the inclusion of routine thoracic CT. Only one patient has died giving a cure rate of 98% for relapsing patients. CONCLUSIONS The elimination of chest CT did not compromise outcome but significantly reduced radiation exposure thereby minimising the risk of radiation-induced secondary malignancy. Continued review of surveillance programmes is essential if we are to optimise management of this disease.

2009 - 2009 2nd International Congress on Image and Signal Processing
Multi-Camera Tracking Based on Information Fusion in Video Surveillance

Recently, intelligent video surveillance system with multiple cameras is a research hotspot due to its wide application. This system has many advantages on improving the surveillance performance and extending surveillance functions. However, taking multi-camera resources and video data into account, many problems also need to explore and research. The paper designs a system that fuses tracking information from multiple cameras. The system use an approach called map-view mapping for camera calibration and present a fusion strategy to fuse multi- camera tracking data. The experiment verified the performance of the fusion method, and showed this method can effectively eliminate occlusion in overlapping region and integrate all the events from multiple cameras in the ground plane.

2012 - ICCVG
SmartMonitor: An Approach to Simple, Intelligent and Affordable Visual Surveillance System

The paper provides fundamental information about the SmartMonitor --- an innovative surveillance system based on video content analysis. We present a short introduction to the characteristics of the developed system and a brief review of methods commonly applied in surveillance systems nowadays. The main goal of the paper is to describe planned basic system parameters as well as to explain the reason for creating it. SmartMonitor is being currently developed but some experiments have already been performed and their results are provided as well.

2006
Multi-Camera Tracking for Visual Surveillance Applications

This paper presents the multi-camera tracking component of a complete surveillance system that was de- veloped as part of the AVITRACK project, involving 10 aca- demic and industrial partners. The aim of the project is to automatically recognise activities around a parked aircraft in an airport apron area to improve the efficiency, safety and security of the servicing operation. The multi-camera track- ing module takes as input per-camera tracking and recog- nition results and fuses these into object estimates using a common spatio-temporal co-ordinate frame. The multi- camera localisation and tracking of objects is evaluated for a range of test data.

1992 - ECCV
Spatio-temporal Reasoning within a Traffic Surveillance System

The majority of potential vision applications such as robotic guidance and visual surveillance involve the real time analysis and description of object behaviour from image sequences. In the VIEWS project we are developing advanced visual surveillance capabilities for situations where the scene structure, objects and much of the expected behaviour is known. This combines competences from image understanding, knowledge-based processing and real-time technology. In this paper we discuss the spatio-temporal reasoning which is of central importance to the system allowing behavioral feedback. In particular, we will elaborate the analysis of occlusion behaviour where we need knowledge of the camera geometry to invoke the occlusion region monitoring of vehicles plus knowledge of the scene geometry to maintain high-level models of possible trajectories for the occluded vehicles and to recognise the re-emerging vehicle(s).

2006 - The Journal of Cell Biology
Spatial organization of the mammalian genome surveillance machinery in response to DNA strand breaks

We show that DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induce complex subcompartmentalization of genome surveillance regulators. Chromatin marked by γ-H2AX is occupied by ataxia telangiectasia–mutated (ATM) kinase, Mdc1, and 53BP1. In contrast, repair factors (Rad51, Rad52, BRCA2, and FANCD2), ATM and Rad-3–related (ATR) cascade (ATR, ATR interacting protein, and replication protein A), and the DNA clamp (Rad17 and -9) accumulate in subchromatin microcompartments delineated by single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). BRCA1 and the Mre11–Rad50–Nbs1 complex interact with both of these compartments. Importantly, some core DSB regulators do not form cytologically discernible foci. These are further subclassified to proteins that connect DSBs with the rest of the nucleus (Chk1 and -2), that assemble at unprocessed DSBs (DNA-PK/Ku70), and that exist on chromatin as preassembled complexes but become locally modified after DNA damage (Smc1/Smc3). Finally, checkpoint effectors such as p53 and Cdc25A do not accumulate at DSBs at all. We propose that subclassification of DSB regulators according to their residence sites provides a useful framework for understanding their involvement in diverse processes of genome surveillance.

2008 - ISVC
Learning Pairwise Dissimilarity Profiles for Appearance Recognition in Visual Surveillance

Training discriminative classifiers for a large number of classes is a challenging problem due to increased ambiguities between classes. In order to better handle the ambiguities and to improve the scalability of classifiers to larger number of categories, we learn pairwise dissimilarity profiles (functions of spatial location) between categories and adapt them into nearest neighbor classification. We introduce a dissimilarity distance measure and linearly or nonlinearly combine it with direct distances. We illustrate and demonstrate the approach mainly in the context of appearance-based person recognition.

2003 - Image Vis. Comput.
A real time adaptive visual surveillance system for tracking low-resolution colour targets in dynamically changing scenes

Abstract This paper presents a variety of probabilistic models for tracking small-area targets which are common objects of interest in outdoor visual surveillance scenes. We address the problem of using appearance and motion models in classifying and tracking objects when detailed information of the object's appearance is not available. The approach relies upon motion, shape cues and colour information to help in associating objects temporally within a video stream. Unlike previous applications of colour and complex shape in object tracking, where relatively large-size targets are tracked, our method is designed to track small colour targets commonly found in outdoor visual surveillance. Our approach uses a robust background model based around online Expectation Maximisation to segment moving objects with very low false detection rates. The system also incorporates a shadow detection algorithm which helps alleviate standard environmental problems associated with such approaches. A colour transformation derived from anthropological studies to model colour distributions of low-resolution targets is used along with a probabilistic method of combining colour and motion information. A data association algorithm is applied to maintain tracking of multiple objects under circumstances. Simple shape information is employed to detect subtle interactions such as occlusion and camouflage. A novel guided search algorithm is then introduced to facilitate tracking of multiple objects during these events. This provides a robust visual tracking system which is capable of performing accurately and consistently within a real world visual surveillance arena. This paper shows the system successfully tracking multiple people moving independently and the ability of the approach to maintain trajectories in the presence of occlusions and background clutter.

2008 - Machine Vision and Applications
How close are we to solving the problem of automated visual surveillance?

The problem of automated visual surveillance has spawned a lively research area, with 2005 seeing three conferences or workshops and special issues of two major journals devoted to the topic. These alone are responsible for somewhere in the region of 240 papers and posters on automated visual surveillance before we begin to count those presented in more general fora. Many of these systems and algorithms perform one small sub-part of the surveillance task, such as motion detection. But even with low level image processing tasks it is often difficult to compare systems on the basis of published results alone. This review paper aims to answer the difficult question “How close are we to developing surveillance related systems which are really useful?” The first section of this paper considers the question of surveillance in the real world: installations, systems and practises. The main body of the paper then considers existing computer vision techniques with an emphasis on higher level processes such as behaviour modelling and event detection. We conclude with a review of the evaluative mechanisms that have grown from within the computer vision community in an attempt to provide some form of robust evaluation and cross-system comparability.

A survey on visual surveillance of object motion and behaviors

Tieniu Tan
|
Liang Wang
|
Stephen J. Maybank
|
Weiming Hu
|
S. Maybank
|
T. Tan
|
Liang Wang
|
Weiming Hu

Abstract:Visual surveillance in dynamic scenes, especially for humans and vehicles, is currently one of the most active research topics in computer vision. It has a wide spectrum of promising applications, including access control in special areas, human identification at a distance, crowd flux statistics and congestion analysis, detection of anomalous behaviors, and interactive surveillance using multiple cameras, etc. In general, the processing framework of visual surveillance in dynamic scenes includes the following stages: modeling of environments, detection of motion, classification of moving objects, tracking, understanding and description of behaviors, human identification, and fusion of data from multiple cameras. We review recent developments and general strategies of all these stages. Finally, we analyze possible research directions, e.g., occlusion handling, a combination of twoand three-dimensional tracking, a combination of motion analysis and biometrics, anomaly detection and behavior prediction, content-based retrieval of surveillance videos, behavior understanding and natural language description, fusion of information from multiple sensors, and remote surveillance.

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