相关论文
2015
Data Dependency Analysis in Industrial Systems

Software in modern industrial systems may have complex data dependencies. As a result of this, it can be hard for system developers to understand the system’s behavior, if they cannot explicitly se ...

2021 - Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research
Distributed Core Decomposition in Probabilistic Graphs

This paper initializes distributed algorithm studies for core decomposition in probabilistic graphs. Core decomposition has been proven to be a useful primitive for a wide range of graph analyses, but it has rarely been studied in probabilistic graphs, especially in a distributed environment. In this work, under a distributed model underlying Pregel and live distributed systems, we present the first known distributed solutions for core decomposition in probabilistic graphs, where there is an existence probability for each edge. In the scenario that the existence probability of edges are known to nodes, the proposed algorithm can get the exact coreness of nodes with a high probability guarantee. The proposed algorithm can also be used to efficiently update the coreness of nodes in dynamic graphs, where a set of edges are inserted/deleted into/from the graph. In the harsher case that the existence probability is unknown, we present a novel method to estimate the existence probability of edges, based on which the coreness of nodes with small approximation ratio guarantee can be computed. Extensive experiments are conducted on different types of real-world graphs and synthetic graphs. The results illustrate that the proposed algorithms exhibit good efficiency, stability and scalability.

1986
A method for compiling efficient constraint checks in database programming languages (semantic integrity constraints)

A three stage method that uses semantic integrity constraints to build efficient constraint checks for arbitrarily complex transactions is presented. A transaction is viewed as a set of paths. The first stage creates a compile-time description of the pre-updated and updated databases for each path. The second stage uses these descriptions to evaluate the semantic integrity constraints, at compile-time. Both the prefix and the matrix of a constraint are analyzed at this time. Constraint checks are created when a constraint cannot be completely evaluated. The third stage decides whether a constraint check should be a precondition or a postcondition of the transaction. The advantages of this method are: (1) It applies to any transaction language. In particular, the language may have loops and other control statements. (2) It is fast. Instead of a general purpose theorem prover, rapidly accessed rules are used to evaluate the constraints at compile-time. The rules are sound but not complete. A prototype implementation indicates a speed up of 50 over a theorem prover based method. (3) It builds constraint checks whose structure reveals why the check is needed. This helps the transaction designer understand why certain semantic integrity constraints are jeopardized by the transaction and may help to reveal design flaws in the transaction. (4) It is relatively easy to extend the method to incorporate new rules for the compile-time evaluation of constraints.

1998
BEHAVIORAL FAULT SIMULATION

Due to the ever-increasing complexity of VLSI circuits, the use of VHDL [Vhd87] behavioral descriptions in the fields of test generation and fault simulation becomes advised. In order to understand this evolution and the context in which it is efficient, the increasing complexity of VLSI circuits must be considered. To better cope with the complexity of existing and future systems, higher abstraction levels must be taken into account. Furthermore, the only knowledge about the device being tested may come from data sheets or signal measurements. In this case the only way to generate test patterns is behavioral testing. Today, such a task is done manually and one of the main interests in Behavioral Test Pattern Generation (BTPG) is to automate it. Another point to consider is that the test generation process is an integral part of the design process and its implementation must begin during the behavioral design phase.

1999 - 30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)
A novel analog behavioral IGBT spice macromodel

This paper presents a new completely behavioral IGBT macromodel, built with the analog behavioral modeling features of the modern SPICE simulators, in which both the internal power MOSFET and the wide base BJT are modeled with their physically based equations. The device static equations are directly implemented with "in line equation" controlled sources and the nonlinear voltage dependent gate capacitances are analytical or piece-wise-linear approximated with "in-line equation", respectively "look-up table" controlled sources. The temperature dependencies of the model parameters and optionally the self-heating and thermal coupling with adjacent devices are also included. The proposed model considers the conductivity modulated base resistance and the device avalanche breakdown. The parameters extraction algorithm was greatly simplified, as the classic curve fitting was replaced by a direct specification of data-sheets characteristics as model parameters. This new behavioral macromodel gives a high accuracy of static and dynamic IGBTs description, with no convergence problems and with a reasonable analysis time. Moreover it assures the portability to all the modern SPICE like simulators that support the behavioral modeling facilities.

2007 - 16th International Conference on Parallel Architecture and Compilation Techniques (PACT 2007)
Studying the impact of synchronization frequency on scheduling tasks with dependencies in heterogeneous systems

Many scheduling algorithms have been devised for nested loops with and without dependencies on general heterogeneous distributed systems (F.M. Ciorba et al., 2006). However, none addressed the case of dynamically computing and allocating chunks of non-independent tasks to processors. We propose a theoretical model that results in a function that estimates the parallel time of tasks in loops with dependencies on heterogeneous systems. We show that the minimum parallel time is obtained with a synchronization frequency that minimizes the function giving the parallel time. The accuracy of the model is validated through experiments from a practical application.

2020 - SIAM J. Control. Optim.
A Universal Dynamic Program and Refined Existence Results for Decentralized Stochastic Control

For sequential stochastic control problems with standard Borel measurement and control action spaces, we introduce a general (universally applicable) dynamic programming formulation, establish its well-posedness, and provide new existence results for optimal policies. Our dynamic program builds in part on Witsenhausen's standard form, but with a different formulation for the state, action, and transition dynamics. Using recent results on measurability properties of strategic measures in decentralized control, we obtain a standard Borel controlled Markov model. This allows for a well-defined dynamic programming recursion through universal measurability properties of the value functions for each time stage. In addition, new existence results are obtained for optimal policies in decentralized stochastic control. These state that for a static team with independent measurements, it suffices for the cost function to be continuous (only) in the actions for the existence of an optimal policy under mild compactness (or tightness) conditions. These also apply to dynamic teams which admit static reductions with independent measurements through a change of measure transformation. We show through a counterexample that weaker conditions may not lead to existence of an optimal team policy. The paper's existence results generalize those previously reported. A summary of and comparison with previously reported results and some applications are presented.

2002 - Journal of Differential Equations
On Existence of Solutions to Differential Equations or Inclusions Remaining in a Prescribed Closed Subset of a Finite-Dimensional Space

Abstract This paper is devoted to existence of trajectories to differential equations and inclusions remaining in a given closed (or compact) set. Topological properties of the boundary of this set enables us to conclude the existence of such trajectories in many cases.

2019 - ACL
Second-Order Semantic Dependency Parsing with End-to-End Neural Networks

Semantic dependency parsing aims to identify semantic relationships between words in a sentence that form a graph. In this paper, we propose a second-order semantic dependency parser, which takes into consideration not only individual dependency edges but also interactions between pairs of edges. We show that second-order parsing can be approximated using mean field (MF) variational inference or loopy belief propagation (LBP). We can unfold both algorithms as recurrent layers of a neural network and therefore can train the parser in an end-to-end manner. Our experiments show that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance.

1995 - Temporal Databases
Design of Temporal Relational Databases Based on Dynamic and Temporal Functional Dependencies

In earlier work, we introduced dynamic and temporal functional dependencies (DFDs and TFDs), which are used in conjunction with conventional functional dependencies. The purpose of this paper is to study how DFDs and TFDs affect database design in a temporally ungrouped historical data model. The result is a generalization of conventional normalization theory for temporal databases.

2005 - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Frequency dependency of the relationship between perceived auditory source width and the interaural cross-correlation coefficient for time-invariant stimuli.

Previous research has indicated that the relationship between the interaural cross-correlation coefficient (IACC) of a narrow-band sound and its perceived auditory source width is dependent on its frequency. However, this dependency has not been investigated in sufficient detail for researchers to be able to properly model it in order to produce a perceptually relevant IACC-based model of auditory source width. A series of experiments has therefore been conducted to investigate this frequency dependency in a controlled manner, and to derive an appropriate model. Three main factors were discovered in the course of these experiments. First, the nature of the frequency dependency of the perceived auditory source width of stimuli with an IACC of 1 was determined, and an appropriate mathematical model was derived. Second, the loss of perceived temporal detail at high frequencies, caused by the breakdown of phase locking in the ear, was found to be relevant, and the model was modified accordingly using rectification and a low-pass filter. Finally, it was found that there was a further frequency dependency at low frequencies, and a method for modeling this was derived. The final model was shown to predict the experimental data well.

2017
A State-of-the-Art Review of Different Conditions Influencing the Behavioral Aspects of Flexible Pavement

The paper provides a state-of-the-art review of different conditions influencing the behavioral aspects of flexible pavement. The conditions which influence the pavement behavior are loading intensities and tyre pressure intensity, environmental conditions, surface and subsurface temperature, seepage, thickness combinations of different component layers, material properties, etc. Current pavement design and analytical procedures are discussed and questioned. The life of the road is theoretically designed for repetition of standard axle load, wherein, negligence in consideration of overloaded vehicles and high tyre inflation pressures even up to 1 MPa is noticed. The latest developments in the design and analytical procedures of pavements are highlighted. An overview of finite element modeling efforts involving different aspects is also presented. A combined effect of various actual conditions in the field affecting the pavement performance needs to be studied in details, therefore, there is a demand for an application of analytical tool which can accommodate the details of the complex system. In this connection, it should be noted that the versatile finite element solution technique holds a bright promise. Therefore, it is proposed to discuss at length the application of the finite element method towards the design of the flexible pavements.

1993 - NIPS
Structural and Behavioral Evolution of Recurrent Networks

This paper introduces GNARL, an evolutionary program which induces recurrent neural networks that are structurally unconstrained. In contrast to constructive and destructive algorithms, GNARL employs a population of networks and uses a fitness function's unsupervised feedback to guide search through network space. Annealing is used in generating both gaussian weight changes and structural modifications. Applying GNARL to a complex search and collection task demonstrates that the system is capable of inducing networks with complex internal dynamics.

2009 - 2009 IEEE 25th International Conference on Data Engineering
Metric Functional Dependencies

When merging data from various sources, it is often the case that small variations in data format and interpretation cause traditional functional dependencies (FDs) to be violated, without there being an intrinsic violation of semantics. Examples include differing address formats, or different reported latitude/longitudes for a given address. In this paper, we define metric functional dependencies, which strictly generalize traditional FDs by allowing small differences (controlled by a metric) in values of the consequent attribute of an FD. We present efficient algorithms for the verification problem: determining whether a given metric FD holds for a given relation. We experimentally demonstrate the validity and efficiency of our approach on various data sets that lie in multidimensional spaces.

2011 - Comput. Hum. Behav.
Behavioral aspects of enterprise systems adoption: An empirical study on cultural factors

Recently, behavioral aspects of enterprise systems have been called to investigate further in the information systems (IS) community. The purpose of this paper is to apply individual-level measurement of cultural orientation, such as power distance and uncertainty avoidance, to the recent findings of computer self-efficacy and ERP adoption belief, such as perceived ease of use, based on the survey of 101 ERP system experts. An online survey methodology is used to gather data from the various industrial fields. The research model is constructed based on the findings of the previous studies in IS, management, and cultural psychology. The results indicate that low power distance and high uncertainty avoidance cultural orientation influence general CSE. In addition, uncertainty avoidance positively influences ease of use of ERP systems. As expected, general CSE positively influences ease of use of ERP systems. Training and managerial interventions through communication to improve these cultural orientations would be effective for the successful ERP systems project. The findings of this research would be helpful to the project managers, IS researchers, and ERP practitioners who want to understand the behavioral aspects of ERP systems adoption in the organization.

1982
Cross-Serial Dependencies in Dutch

Chomsky’s argument that natural languages are not finite state languages puts a lower bound on the weak generative capacity of grammars for natural languages (Chomsky (1956)). Arguments based on weak generative capacity are useful in excluding classes of formal devices as characterizations of natural language, but they are not the only formal considerations by which this can be done. Generative grammars may also be excluded because they cannot assign the correct structural descriptions to the terminal strings of a language; in this case, the grammars are excluded on grounds of strong generative capacity. Thus, the deterministic subclasses of context-free grammars (Knuth (1965)) can be rejected because they cannot assign alternative phrase structures to represent natural language ambiguities.

1992 - Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
An integrative model for the study of behavioral momentum.

Behavioral momentum is the product of response rate and resistance to change. The data on relative resistance to change are summarized for pigeons responding on single-key two-component multiple schedules, in the initial links of two-key multiple chained schedules, and in equivalent components of two-key serial schedules. For single-key procedures, the ratio of resistance to change in two schedule components is shown to depend on the ratio of reinforcer rates obtained in the presence of the component stimuli. For two-key procedures, the ratio of resistance to change in equivalent components is shown to depend on the ratio of reinforcer rates correlated with key locations. A model based on stimulus-reinforcer contingencies that combines the reinforcer rates in schedule components summed over key locations and reinforcer rates correlated with key locations summed over components, each expressed relative to the session average reinforcer rate, gives a good account of the data. An extension of the relative law of effect for multiple schedules fails to provide a complete account of resistance to change, but both approaches are needed for a comprehensive understanding of behavioral momentum.

2007 - DBPL
Querying Structural and Behavioral Properties of Business Processes

BPQL is a novel query language for querying business process specifications, introduced recently in [5,6]. It is based on an intuitive model of business processes as rewriting systems, an abstraction of the emerging BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) standard [7]. BPQL allows users to query business processes visually, in a manner very analogous to the language used to specify the processes. The goal of the present paper is to study the formal model underlying BPQL and investigate its properties as well as the complexity of query evaluation. We also study its relationship to previously suggested formalisms for process modeling and querying. In particular we propose a query evaluation algorithm of polynomial data complexity that can be applied uniformly to queries on the structure of the process specification as well as on the potential behavior of the defined process. We show that unless P=NP the efficiency of our algorithm is asymptotically optimal.

2004 - User Interfaces for All
Individual Differences and Behavioral Aspects Involved in Modeling Web Navigation

This paper presents an empirical study aiming at investigating individual differences and behavioral aspects involved in modeling web navigation. Factors that have an influence on web navigation behavior were identified with the aid of task analysis and their relevance in predicting task outcomes (performance, satisfaction, disorientation) was tested with the aid of multiple regression analysis. Several types of navigation metrics were calculated based on web logging data and used as indicators of user characteristics and task outcomes. Results show that spatial-semantic cognitive mechanisms seem to be crucial in adequately performing web navigation tasks. The fact that user characteristics and task outcomes can be estimated with reasonable accuracy based on navigation metrics suggests the possibility of building adaptive navigation support in web applications.

2008 - Front. Behav. Neurosci.
A Trans-Dimensional Approach to the Behavioral Aspects of Depression

Depression, a complex mood disorder, displays high comorbidity with anxiety and cognitive disorders. To establish the extent of inter-dependence between these behavioral domains, we here undertook a systematic analysis to establish interactions between mood [assessed with the forced-swimming (FST) and sucrose consumption tests (SCT)], anxiety [elevated-plus maze (EPM) and novelty suppressed feeding (NSF) tests] and cognition (spatial memory and behavioral flexibility tests) in rats exposed to unpredictable chronic-mild-stress (uCMS). Expectedly, uCMS induced depressive-like behavior, a hyperanxious phenotype and cognitive impairment; with the exception of the measure of anxiety in the EPM, these effects were attenuated by antidepressants (imipramine, fluoxetine). Measures of mood by the FST and SCT were strongly correlated, whereas no significant correlations were found between the different measures of anxiety (EPM and NSF); likewise, measures of cognition by spatial memory and behavioral flexibility tests were poorly correlated. Inter-domain analysis revealed significant correlations between mood (FST and SCT) and anxiety-like behavior (NSF, but not EPM). Furthermore, significant correlations were found between cognitive performance (reverse learning task) and mood (FST and SCT) and anxiety-like behavior (NSF). These results demonstrate interactions between different behavioral domains that crosscut the disciplines of psychiatry and neurology.

Existence Dependency: The Key to Semantic Integrity Between Structural and Behavioral Aspects of Object Types

Monique Snoeck
|
Guido Dedene
|
M. Snoeck
|
G. Dedene

Abstract:In object-oriented conceptual modeling, the generalization/specialization hierarchy and the whole/part relationship are prevalent classification schemes for object types. This paper presents an object-oriented conceptual model where, in the end, object types are classified according to two relationships only. Existence dependency and generalization/specialization. Existence dependency captures some of the interesting semantics that are usually associated with the concept of aggregation (also called composition or Part Of relation), but in contrast with the latter concept, the semantics of existence dependency are very precise and its use clear cut. The key advantage of classifying object types according to existence dependency are the simplicity of the concept, its absolute unambiguity, and the fact that it enables to check conceptual schemes for semantic integrity and consistency. We will first define the notion of existence dependency and claim that it is always possible to classify objects according to this relationship, thus removing the necessity for the Part Of relation and other kinds of associations between object types. The second claim of this paper is that existence dependency is the key to semantic integrity checking to a level unknown to current object-oriented analysis methods. In other words: Existence dependency allows us to track and solve inconsistencies in an object-oriented conceptual schema.

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