相关论文
2012
Research Guides: Chinese Culture: Library Materials

This is a beginning level guide for finding information on various aspects of Chinese Culture.

2009
Study on the technological approach to improving enterprise safety culture

Although safety culture has been highly emphasized in Chinese enterprises,there were almost no tangible and practical tools to improve the level of safety culture in the past.By defining it as a series of key elements that affect enterprise safety performance,safety culture can be measured quantitatively with Likert Scale,hardware and computer software for ministering the questionnaire.Further more,the safety culture can be improved by well-matched training according to the quantitative level of safety culture.From empirical studies conducted by the authors,via three round of measurements and follow-up training,the level of safety culture can be improved by 8%,which means the tools for improving safety culture are very effective.

2007
Traditional culture region culture and modern design

This article has pointed out the importance that we continue inheriting and developing the traditional culture,region culture in the modern design by introducing carefully the connection and influencing each other between the traditional culture,region culture and modern design.Meanwhile the article also tells us how to combine and make use of traditional culture,region culture to develop our designs.Then we achieve the design that is based of people better.

2011 - The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology
Stereological Assessment of Developing Mouse Ovarian Follicles in an in vitro Culture System

The aim of this project was to validate the use of ovarian follicular diameter measurement as an indicator of growth using stereology as an independent measure. A strong linear correlation was observed between follicular volume and diameter, and between follicular volume and the total number of granulosa cells. These results have provided a useful validation of a widely used technique for determining follicular growth in vitro. Anat Rec, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

2022 - Journal of pediatric orthopedics
The Utility of IR-Guided Biopsy in the Treatment of Pediatric Osteomyelitis

Background: Accurate and efficient diagnosis, as well as a consistent and effective treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, are paramount to ensure successful clinical outcomes. Noninvasive measures of isolating the causative pathogen from blood cultures have low sensitivity, with published rates often <50%. The use of interventional radiology (IR)-guided percutaneous biopsy has gained traction as a nonsurgical means of obtaining tissue cultures with a reported increased sensitivity of >90%. This study aims to determine the utility of IR-guided biopsy in the management of pediatric patients with acute hematogenous pediatric osteomyelitis (OM). Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective review was completed of children younger than 18 years admitted to a single institution for treatment of magnetic resonance imaging or culture/biopsy-proven acute hematogenous OM. Patients were excluded for the diagnosis of chronic recurrent multifocal OM, incomplete documentation, treatment initiation at an outside institution, open surgical debridement, and concomitant septic arthritis. Patients who underwent IR-guided biopsy were compared with those treated empirically without biopsy. Results: Fifty patients were included for analysis. Fifteen (30%) had IR-guided biopsies; 35 (70%) were treated empirically. The average age at diagnosis was 11.8 years old (SD: 4.9). Of the 15 patients who underwent IR-guided biopsy, a pathogen was identified in 12 cases (80%); 14 of these patients had concomitant blood cultures with only 1 (7%) positive result (P<0.01). Of the 11 patients with positive IR-guided biopsy results in the setting of negative blood cultures, 9 (82%) had alterations in their antibiotic regimen as a result of the biopsy. The average time from blood sample collection to definitive antibiotic initiation was nearly double that of time from IR-guided biopsy collection to definitive antibiotic initiation (70.8 vs. 36 h; P<0.01). Conclusion: IR-guided biopsy increased pathogen identification by 47% over blood cultures alone and decreased the time to definitive antibiotics. As such, IR-guided biopsy is an effective and safe diagnostic tool for pathogen identification and appropriate antibiotic selection. Orthopaedic surgeons are encouraged to incorporate IR-guided biopsy early in the treatment pathway for patients with acute OM without an indication for open surgical intervention. Level of Evidence: Level III; retrospective comparative study.

2013 - PACIS
Do They Tweet Differently? A Cross-Cultural Group Study of Twitter Use on Mobile Communication Devices

Culture is one of the classic and most widely studied topics in the field of technology. People of different cultural backgrounds interpret, consume, and disseminate technology differently. One conspicuous aspect of culture is communication. The expression, conversational patterns, and contextual nuances of different languages make communication a distinct cultural experience. Culture influences how communication functions between different people in different social contexts. It is also an underlying feature of encoded messages; a knowledge of the sender’s culture helps to discern his or her intention. Communication technology is also susceptible to the influence of culture. The mobile and social aspects of technology add another dimension to the communication process. Twitter, a leading social medium run on a mobile communication device, is a good example. This empirical study examines the use of Twitter in users with two distinctly different cultural ideologies: individualism (characteristic of the U.S.A.) and collectivism (common in Korea). Participants in both countries took part in a four-man group decision-making experiment. The groups were given decision tasks to complete within a timed period. The study yielded the following results: 1) the Korean participants tweeted significantly more often than the American participants; 2) the Korean participants initiated significantly more new tweets than the American participants; 3) the Korean participants sent significantly more friendly tweets than the American participants; 4) the American participants expressed disagreement significantly more often than the Korean participants; and 5) the Korean participants exhibited a significantly higher level of group cohesiveness than the American participants. These results shed light on the cultural applications of this new, emerging technology which is becoming essential to personal and business information sharing and communication of people of different cultures all over the world. Data analysis, discussion, and implications are provided.

2018
Conceptual Frameworks to Guide Design

This is a response providing some thoughts triggered by the paper “Issues in Human–Automation Interaction Modeling: Presumptive Aspects of Frameworks of Types and Levels of Automation,” by David Kaber. The key theme is that in order to debate the relative merits of different conceptual frameworks to guide human–automation interaction design efforts, we need a richer understanding of the psychology of design. We need to better understand how contributions by the field of cognitive engineering really affect the efforts of system designers.

2009 - Int. J. Knowl. Learn.
National culture and the secrecy of innovations

The main objective of this paper is to provide greater understanding of the nature of secrecy in firms. It presents an effort to develop some links between management of the secrecy and its relationship with culture. Using measures from Hofstede's (2001) work, we have linked some dimensions of national culture with CIS 3 EU survey database. The results show that some attributes of the culture in organisations as masculinity and uncertainty avoidance have impact on the tendency of the firms for not to patent and maintain secrecy of their innovations.

2012 - Journal of vector ecology : journal of the Society for Vector Ecology
First Laboratory Culture of Phortica variegata (Diptera, Steganinae), a Vector of Thelazia callipaeda

[Extract] The family Drosophilidae includes ~4,500 species in the two subfamilies Drosophilinae and Steganinae that are generally known as fruit flies or pomace flies because of their habit of feeding and growing on fermenting fruit. Within the Drosophilinae, Drosophila species are among the best characterized model organisms in genetic and genomic research. Conversely, knowledge of species ranked within the Steganinae is limited to a few morphological, taxonomic, and systematic investigations of selected members and information of the biology and ecology of most species is scarce. Over the past decade, fruit flies of the genus Phortica have been the subject of intense investigations aimed at identifying the arthropod vector and intermediate host of Thelazia spp. eyeworms (Otranto et al. 2003, 2005, 2006a, 2006b, Dorchies et al. 2007, Roggero et al. 2010). In particular, while Phortica okadai (Maca, 1977), Phortica magna (Okada 1968), and Amiota nagatai Okada, 1971 are vectors of Thelazia spp. in Asian countries (Kamakura et al. 1998), Phortica variegata (Fallen 1823) has been demonstrated, under both experimental (Otranto et al. 2005) and natural conditions (Otranto et al. 2006b), to harbor larvae of Thelazia callipaeda Railliet and Henry 1910 "eyeworm" nematodes in Europe. Phortica spp. differ remarkably from other fruit flies in that they are known to feed not only on decaying fruit and slime fluxes, but also on lachrymal secretions of animals and humans (Bachli et al. 2004). When feeding on the conjunctiva of vertebrates infested with T. callipaeda, P. variegata ingests the first-stage larvae released by adult female nematodes; within the body cavities of the arthropod vector, these larvae develop to second-stage larvae and, subsequently, to infective third-stage larvae which reach the proboscis of the fly and are invade the conjunctival sac of a new, receptive host (reviewed by Otranto et al. 2003). While both adult female and male P. variegata have been shown to harbour larvae of T. callipaeda under experimental settings (Otranto et al. 2005), only the latter gender has been demonstrated to act as a vector of this parasitic nematode under natural conditions (Otranto et al. 2006b, reviewed by Otranto et al. 2008a). The biological bases of this host-parasite relationship are still unclear.

2012 - Procedia. Economics and finance
Research on the Use of Project Management in Organizational Culture Change in Public Administration Institutions

Abstract Modern theoreticians emphasize that management is required in all modern organizations, economic or not, possibly being even more necessary in organizations that have no economic character, such the state institutions as they are not governed by the principle of profit and loss. Hence, research in the field of project management within the institutions of public administration is a potentially fruitful one, as it can emphasize strengths and weaknesses in the field, and, in the long run, contributes to raising the level of the countries or development regions involved. In my present study, there is a comparative analysis of organizational culture state of art and changes in public institutions, as a result of the implementation of projects within national and international programs. My methodology includes surveys conducted at the headquarters of public administration institutions in Targu Mures, interviews with a few important public clerks, and library study and discussions with my PhD coordinator in this field. Results up to this moment – from the surveyed locations in Romania, at least - give the picture of an organizational culture that is in between tradition and modernity. As an outcome of project implementation, it is expected that the Romanian public administration will be to a larger degree transparent and in the service of the citizen, more involved in several neuralgic areas of public life, and also have better wages for its employees, thus motivating them.

1977
Differential Feedback Regulation by 17β-Estradiol of LH Production and LHRH-Responsiveness in Adenohypophyseal Cell Cultures

To evaluate the direct effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) on pituitary LH release, cellular LH content, and LHRH-gesponsive-ness, physiological doses of E2 (10−10, 10−9, or 10−8M) were tested in pituitary monolayer cultures of female rats. The effects of E2 appeared to be dose-related. After a4 h incubation, basal LH release was significantly stimulated by lO−10M E2 (176% of control level) whereas 10−10M or 10−8M had no effect. The cellular LH content was significantly stimulated by 10−8M E2 (127% of control level) but not by the lower doses of E2. Both 10−8M and 10−9m E2 but not 10−10M E2 stimulated LH production (sum of LH contents in medium and cells). When the cultures were incubated with 10−8M LHRH, cellular LH content was depressed (76% of control level) by 10−8M E2 coincubation, whereas LH release was not altered. To further explore the interaction between E2 and LHRH, extended preincubation times with 10−8M E2 were used to test its effect on the subsequent LHRH-responsiveness. After a lag period, prein...

2017
A conceptual framework to development of construction safety culture in Indonesia

Working accidents in the construction industry are among the highest in the world, affecting the three levels of both macro (National) mezzo (Enterprise) and micro (Projects) that need to be integrated in building a safety culture. The purpose of this research is to develop a conceptual framework in improving safety culture in the construction industry in Indonesia. The methodology was developed using literature study and deductive analysis which then performed expert validation to ensure the concept developed. The result of this research is that policy and institution as input to build safety culture which need to be followed up with increasing of company maturity which have implication to safety performance and construction project performance.

2008
Cold War Exiles in Mexico: U.S. Dissidents and the Culture of Critical Resistance

Most popular website for free Books. Open library is a high quality resource for free e-books books.It is known to be world's largest free Books resources. You can easily search by the title, author and subject.Platform is a volunteer effort to create and share e-books online. No registration or fee is required, and books are available in ePub, Kindle, HTML and simple text formats.This library catalog is an open online project of many sites, and allows users to contribute books. From romance to mystery to drama, this website is a good source for all sorts of in any format.

1968 - Plant physiology
Tryptophan Biosynthesis in Cell Cultures of Nicotiana tabacum.

Some of the general features of the pathway for l-tryptophan biosynthesis in cell cultures of Nicotiana tabccum var. Wisc. 38 have been investigated. The results of both isotope competition and direct-labeling experiments show that shikimic acid, anthranilic acid, indoleglycerol phosphate, and indole can serve as precursors to l-tryptophan in these cells, indicating that, in terms of its biochemical intermediates, the pathway is similar to that described for the bacteria and fungi.

1984 - Journal of food protection
Minimum Intestinal Inoculum for Nurmi Cultures and a New Method for Determining Competitive Exclusion of Salmonella from Chicks.

Protection of chicks against Salmonella infection was obtained by oral administration of Nurmi cultures. The Nurmi cultures were prepared by inoculating adult chicken intestinal material (10-1 to 10-11 g) into anaerobic liquid medium and incubating for 3 d at 37°C. Excellent protection was obtained with cultures initiated with as little as 10-7 g of fecal or cecal content; progressively less protection with 10-8 to 5 × 10-10 g; and none with cultures initiated with 10-10 g. Protection was based on challenge of treated chicks with nalidixic acid-resistant (Nal+) Salmonella and enumeration of the Nal+ organisms in the chick cecal content 7 d later. To simplify the enumeration, a swab-plate method was developed. The method saves time and materials and gives relatively accurate (± 1 log10) determinations of Nal+ Salmonella over the range of 101 to 107 per g of cecal content.

2000
Production of Exo-Polymers by Submerged Mycelial Culture of Cordyceps militaris and Its Hypolipidemic Effect

Hypolipidemic effect of exo-polymers(EPs) form submerged mycelial culture of Cordyceps militaris was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. For a dose-dependent study, EPs were administered at the level of 50-100 mg/kg body weight (BW) and the data was compared with the saline administered control group. A significant reduction of both the plasma total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) was registered under the influence of EPs. It reduced the lowe density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level as much as 40.5%. Levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) choloesterol did not vary significantly within the different experimental groups, but the HDL: TC ratio showed consistently a high value with the increasing dose. The effects of cultural conditions (pH and temperature) in mycelial growth and EPs production were studied. Both the biomass and EPs were produced in a wide range of pH and temperature.

2007 - Ecology letters
Pollination and other ecosystem services produced by mobile organisms: a conceptual framework for the effects of land-use change.

Many ecosystem services are delivered by organisms that depend on habitats that are segregated spatially or temporally from the location where services are provided. Management of mobile organisms contributing to ecosystem services requires consideration not only of the local scale where services are delivered, but also the distribution of resources at the landscape scale, and the foraging ranges and dispersal movements of the mobile agents. We develop a conceptual model for exploring how one such mobile-agent-based ecosystem service (MABES), pollination, is affected by land-use change, and then generalize the model to other MABES. The model includes interactions and feedbacks among policies affecting land use, market forces and the biology of the organisms involved. Animal-mediated pollination contributes to the production of goods of value to humans such as crops; it also bolsters reproduction of wild plants on which other services or service-providing organisms depend. About one-third of crop production depends on animal pollinators, while 60-90% of plant species require an animal pollinator. The sensitivity of mobile organisms to ecological factors that operate across spatial scales makes the services provided by a given community of mobile agents highly contextual. Services vary, depending on the spatial and temporal distribution of resources surrounding the site, and on biotic interactions occurring locally, such as competition among pollinators for resources, and among plants for pollinators. The value of the resulting goods or services may feed back via market-based forces to influence land-use policies, which in turn influence land management practices that alter local habitat conditions and landscape structure. Developing conceptual models for MABES aids in identifying knowledge gaps, determining research priorities, and targeting interventions that can be applied in an adaptive management context.

2006 - Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology
Fedbatch culture and dynamic nutrient feeding.

In the past decade, we have seen a rapid expansion in mammalian cell based therapeutic proteins reaching clinical applications. This increased demand has been met with much increased productivity through intensive process development. During this time, fedbatch culture processes have emerged as the predominant mode for producing recombinant proteins. In this review, we discuss the fundamentals of fedbatch culture process design, focusing on the use of stoichiometric nutrient requirements for feed medium formulation, and articulating the need and potential means for devising rational dynamic feeding schemes. Incorporation of on-line nutrient measurement will play a key role in further refinement of process control for the development of a much sought after generic feeding strategy that can respond to the changing demands of different cell lines in a fluctuating culture environment. The future of process engineering will likely require a combination of current process engineering strategies along with a better understanding and control over cell physiology. Process development will likely to entail not only optimizing traditional engineering parameters but also engineering cell lines with desired characteristics. The integration of cell engineering and process intensification will likely provide the stimuli that propel the limits of growth and productivity to the next high level.

1993
The Effect of National Culture on IS: Implications for International Information Systems

The objectives of this article are 1) to make a comparative analysis of previous international and cross-cultural studies, 2) to incorporate the variables specific to cultural environments into a general framework of information systems, and 3) to examine the implications of the findings for global information systems research and implementation. One result is a list of national cultural variables affecting information systems. These variables are classified into three main groups—economic, demographic and socio-psychological. These three groups are integrated into existing frameworks of IS research. The variables were further classified into “constants†and “changeables.†This classification identifies those variables which can be adapted by the execution of national and organizational IS policies. Another result is a compilation of findings from cross-cultural and non-US research into IS. This research is characterized on two dimensions so as to facilitate classification and integration of research findings. The study indicates a need for considerable research effort in the field of international information systems to facilitate IS technology transfer, for constructing indigenous IS, and for formulating national IS policies.

2003 - Health services research
The quantitative measurement of organizational culture in health care: a review of the available instruments.

OBJECTIVE To review the quantitative instruments available to health service researchers who want to measure culture and cultural change. DATA SOURCES A literature search was conducted using Medline, Cinahl, Helmis, Psychlit, Dhdata, and the database of the King's Fund in London for articles published up to June 2001, using the phrase "organizational culture." In addition, all citations and the gray literature were reviewed and advice was sought from experts in the field to identify instruments not found on the electronic databases. The search focused on instruments used to quantify culture with a track record, or potential for use, in health care settings. DATA EXTRACTION For each instrument we examined the cultural dimensions addressed, the number of items for each questionnaire, the measurement scale adopted, examples of studies that had used the tool, the scientific properties of the instrument, and its strengths and limitations. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Thirteen instruments were found that satisfied our inclusion criteria, of which nine have a track record in studies involving health care organizations. The instruments varied considerably in terms of their grounding in theory, format, length, scope, and scientific properties. CONCLUSIONS A range of instruments with differing characteristics are available to researchers interested in organizational culture, all of which have limitations in terms of their scope, ease of use, or scientific properties. The choice of instrument should be determined by how organizational culture is conceptualized by the research team, the purpose of the investigation, intended use of the results, and availability of resources.

The effect of culture on perception and cognition: A conceptual framework

Benjamin G. Voyer
|
Minas N. Kastanakis

Abstract:Researchers are increasingly recognizing the role of culture as a source of variation in many phenomena of central importance to consumer research. This review addresses a gap in cross-cultural consumer behavior literature by providing a review and conceptual analysis of the effects of culture on pre-behavioral processes (perception and cognition). The article highlights a series of important perceptual and cognitive differences across cultures and offers a new perspective of framing these differences among cultures—that of “culturally conditioned” perceptual and cognitive orientations. The article addresses several theoretical issues and suggests directions for future research as well as managerial implications.

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