相关论文
2017 - Advanced Energy Materials
Evaluation of Electron Donor Materials for Solution‐Processed Organic Solar Cells via a Novel Figure of Merit

Organic photovoltaic (OPV) technology offers many advantages, although no commercial applications have been achieved after more than a decade of intensive research and development. Several challenges have yet to be overcome including high power conversion efficiency (PCE), good processability, low cost, and excellent long‐term stability, and so on. In this article, these fundamental challenges are significantly addressed by surveying and analyzing a new merit factor for material applied accessibility containing three parameters: synthetic complexity, device efficiency, and photostability. Thirty‐five donor small molecules are introduced to assess their synthetic accessibility. Furthermore, the PCEs and device photostability of these molecules are carried out, and further measured under one sun illumination within 200 h, respectively. Combining with the characteristics of these three factors, investigated molecules are ranked according to an industrial figure of merit (i‐FOM), while some guidelines for the material design and synthesis are given. It is suggested that a PCE of >14% and an i‐FOM of >20% via active material engineering are realistic for possible industry future of OPV. Along with the systematic study, it is believed that this i‐FOM can be taken into consideration at an early stage of molecular design and provides valuable insight for efficient evaluation of photovoltaic materials for possible commercial applications.

2009 - Chinese Physics B
The study of a new n/p tunnel recombination junction and its application in a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem solar cells

This paper reports that a double N layer (a-Si:H/μc-Si:H) is used to substitute the single microcrystalline silicon n layer (n-μc-Si:H) in n/p tunnel recombination junction between subcells in a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem solar cells. The electrical transport and optical properties of these tunnel recombination junctions are investigated by current–voltage measurement and transmission measurement. The new n/p tunnel recombination junction shows a better ohmic contact. In addition, the n/p interface is exposed to the air to examine the effect of oxidation on the tunnel recombination junction performance. The open circuit voltage and FF of a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem solar cell are all improved and the current leakage of the subcells can be effectively prevented efficiently when the new n/p junction is implemented as tunnel recombination junction.

2006 - The journal of physical chemistry. B
Theoretical solar-to-electrical energy-conversion efficiencies of perylene-porphyrin light-harvesting arrays.

The efficiencies of organic solar cells that incorporate light-harvesting arrays of organic pigments were calculated under 1 sun of air mass 1.5 solar irradiation. In one set of calculations, photocurrent efficiencies were evaluated for porphyrin, phthalocyanine, chlorin, bacteriochlorin, and porphyrin-bis(perylene) pigment arrays of different length and packing densities under the assumption that each solar photon absorbed quantitatively yielded one electron in the external circuit. In another more realistic set of calculations, solar conversion efficiencies were evaluated for arrays comprising porphyrins or porphyrin-(perylene)2 units taking into account competitive excited-state relaxation pathways. A system of coupled differential equations for all reactions in the arrays was solved on the basis of previously published rate constants for (1) energy transfer between the perylene and porphyrin pigments, (2) excited-state relaxation of the perylene and porphyrin pigments, and (3) excited-state electron injection into the semiconductor. This formal analysis enables determination of the optimal number of pigments in an array for solar-to-electrical energy conversion. The optimal number of pigments depends on the molar absorption coefficient and the density at which the arrays can be packed on an electrode surface. Taken together, the ability to employ fundamental photophysical, kinetic, and structural parameters of modular molecular architectures in assessments of the efficiency of solar-to-electrical energy conversion should facilitate the design of molecular-based solar cells.

2010 - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Fully spray-coated ITO-free organic solar cells for low-cost power generation

We report on cost-effective ITO-free organic solar cells (OSCs) fabricated by a spray deposition method. All solution-processable layers of solar cells—a highly conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) layer and a photoactive layer based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6)C61 (PCBM)—were spray-coated. PEDOT:PSS anode films with various thicknesses were prepared by controlling the spray deposition time. The transmittance and sheet resistance of PEDOT:PSS anodes were varied from 89.0% to 67.4% and from 358 to 63.3 O/squares, respectively, corresponding to an increase in film thickness. The best device exhibited a high power conversion efficiency of 2.17% under 100 mW cm 2 illumination with air mass (AM) 1. 5 global (G) condition. More importantly, the efficiency of the fully spray-coated OSC with the PEDOT:PSS anode was comparable to that of conventional ITO-based devices, demonstrating the feasibility of fabricating all-spray-deposited OSCs without a conventional spin-coating method and the possibility of replacing the costly vacuum-deposited indium tin oxide (ITO) with highly conductive polymer films fabricated by inexpensive spray deposition techniques.

2007 - Applied Physics Letters
Comparative study of the influence of LiF, NaF, and KF on the performance of polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells

Based on the well-known beneficial effect of a thin LiF layer underneath Al contacts for organic solar cells, a comparative study of interlayers made from the alkaline fluorides LiF, NaF, and KF is presented for polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells. The overall suitability of these materials and the underlying mechanisms are discussed. While an improvement in cell efficiency up to a factor of 2 can be reached with all three fluorides, the necessary thickness of the interlayer for maximum improvement is smallest for NaF and largest for LiF, suggesting the alternative use of NaF instead of LiF.

2011 - Organic Electronics
Inverted organic solar cells using a solution processed aluminum-doped zinc oxide buffer layer

Abstract In this article, we demonstrate a route to solve one of the big challenges in the large scale printing process of organic solar cells, which is the reliable deposition of very thin layers. Especially materials for electron (EIL) and hole injection layers (HIL) (except poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):(polystyrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS)) have a low conductivity and therefore require thin films with only a few tens of nanometers thickness to keep the serial resistance under control. To overcome this limitation, we investigated inverted polymer solar cells with an active layer comprising a blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) with solution processed aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) EIL. Devices with AZO and intrinsic zinc oxide (i-ZnO) EIL show comparable efficiency at low layer thicknesses of around 30 nm. The conductivity of the doped zinc oxide is found to be three orders of magnitude higher than for the i-ZnO reference. Therefore the buffer layer thickness can be enhanced significantly to more than 100 nm without hampering the solar cell performance, while devices with 100 nm i-ZnO films already suffer from increased series resistance and reduced efficiency.

2010 - Physical Review B
Experimental test for geminate recombination applied to organic solar cells

We show that a clear experimental test can distinguish between geminate and nongeminate recombination in low mobility semiconductors. For the particular case of the organic solar cell, the relative contribution of geminate recombination can be determined by measuring transient photoconductivity versus applied voltage. Measurements carried out at room temperature and 200 K on bulk heterojunction organic solar cells fabricated with two different semiconducting polymers show that neither exhibits significant geminate recombination.

2014 - Advanced materials
A Mechanistic Understanding of Processing Additive‐Induced Efficiency Enhancement in Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells

The addition of processing additives is a widely used approach to increase power conversion efficiencies for many organic solar cells. We present how additives change the polymer conformation in the casting solution leading to a more intermixed phase-segregated network structure of the active layer which in turn results in a 5-fold enhancement in efficiency.

2017 - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Ring-Fusion of Perylene Diimide Acceptor Enabling Efficient Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with a Small Voltage Loss.

We report a novel small molecule acceptor (SMA) named FTTB-PDI4 obtained via ring-fusion between the thiophene and perylene diimide (PDI) units of a PDI-tetramer with a tetrathienylbezene (TTB) core. A small voltage loss of 0.53 V and a high power conversion efficiency of 10.58% were achieved, which is the highest value reported for PDI-based devices to date. By comparing the fused and nonfused SMAs, we show that the ring-fusion introduces several beneficial effects on the properties and performances of the acceptor material, including more favorable energy levels, enhanced light absorption and stronger intermolecular packing. Interestingly, morphology data reveal that the fused molecule yields higher domain purity and thus can better maintain its molecular packing and electron mobility in the blend. Theoretical calculations also demonstrate that FTTB-PDI4 exhibits a "double-decker" geometry with two pairs of mostly parallel PDI units, which is distinctively different from reported PDI-tetramers with highly twisted geometries and can explain the better performance of the material. This work highlights the promising design of PDI-based acceptors by the ring-fusion strategy.

2006 - The journal of physical chemistry. B
Effect of an adsorbent on recombination and band-edge movement in dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cells: evidence for surface passivation.

The mechanism by which the adsorbent guanidinium affects the open-circuit photovoltage of dye-sensitized TiO2 nanocrystalline solar cells was investigated. The influence of the guanidinium cation on the rate of recombination and band-edge movement was measured by transient photovoltage. When guanidinium is present in the electrolyte recombination becomes slower by a factor of about 20. At the same time, the adsorbent causes the band edges to move downward, toward positive electrochemical potentials, by 100 mV. The collective effect of both a downward shift of the band edges and slower recombination, owing to the presence of guanidinium, results in an overall improvement in the open-circuit photovoltage.

2011 - Angewandte Chemie
Enhancement of donor-acceptor polymer bulk heterojunction solar cell power conversion efficiencies by addition of Au nanoparticles.

This research was supported by Future-based Technology Development Program (Nano Fields, 2010-0029321) and the WCU (World Class University) program (R32-2008-000-10142-0) through the NRF of Korea funded by the MEST. J. H. Park acknowledges the support from NRF of Korea funded by the MEST (NRF-2009- C1AAA001-2009-0094157, 2011-0006268). Research at UCSB was supported by the US Army General Technical Services (LLC/GTS-S- 09-1-196) and by the Department of Energy (BES-DOE- ER46535).

2016 - Energy and Environmental Science
Versatile ternary organic solar cells: a critical review

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells has been constantly refreshed in the past ten years from 4% up to 11% due to the contribution from the chemists on novel materials and the physicists on device engineering. For practical applications, a single bulk heterojunction structure may be the best candidate due to the cell with a high PCE, easy fabrication and low cost. Recently, ternary solar cells have attracted much attention due to enhanced photon harvesting by using absorption spectral or energy level complementary materials as the second donor or acceptor based on a single bulk heterojunction structure. For better promoting the development of ternary solar cells, we summarize the recent progress of ternary solar cells and try our best to concise out the scientific issues in preparing high performance ternary solar cells.

2004 - Applied Physics Letters
Efficient thin-film organic solar cells based on pentacene/C60 heterojunctions

We have fabricated an efficient organic photovoltaic cell based on a heterojunction of pentacene and C60. Photocurrent action spectra exhibit broad light-harvesting throughout the visible spectrum with a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 58±4% at short-circuit condition. Modeling studies indicate that this high EQE can be partly attributed to the large exciton diffusion length in the pentacene film as well as efficient dissociation of excitons at the pentacene/C60 heterojunction.

2012 - IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
Efficiency Optimization of a DSP-Based Standalone PV System Using Fuzzy Logic and Dual-MPPT Control

This paper presents a new digital control scheme for a standalone photovoltaic (PV) system using fuzzy-logic and a dual maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. The first MPPT controller is an astronomical two-axis sun tracker, which is designed to track the sun over both the azimuth and elevation angles and obtain maximum solar radiation at all times. The second MPPT algorithm controls the power converter between the PV panel and the load and implements a new fuzzy-logic (FLC)-based perturb and observe (P&O) scheme to keep the system power operating point at its maximum. The FLC-MPPT is based on a voltage control approach of the power converter with a discrete PI controller to adapt the duty cycle. The input reference voltage is adaptively perturbed with variable steps until the maximum power is reached. The proposed control scheme achieves stable operation in the entire region of the PV panel and eliminates therefore the resulting oscillations around the maximum power operating point. A 150-Watt prototype system is used with two TMS320F28335 eZdsp boards to validate the proposed control scheme performance.

2016 - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
A review of conventional and advanced MPPT algorithms for wind energy systems

Wind power is the most reliable and developed renewable energy source over past decades. With the rapid penetration of the wind generators in the power system grid, it is very essential to utilize the maximum available power from the wind and to operate the wind turbine (WT) at its maximal energy conversion output. For this, the wind energy conversion system (WECS) has to track or operate at the maximum power point (MPP). A decent variety of publication report on various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms for a WECS. However, making a choice on an exact MPPT algorithm for a particular case require sufficient proficiency because each algorithm has its own merits and demerits. For this reason, an appropriate review of those algorithms is essential. However, only a few attempts have been made in this concern. In this paper, different available MPPT algorithms are described for extracting maximum power which are classified according to the power measurement i.e. direct or indirect power controller. Merits, demerits and comprehensive comparison of the different MPPT algorithms also highlighted in the terms of complexity, wind speed requirement, prior training, speed responses, etc. and also the ability to acquire the maximal energy output. This paper serves as a proper reference for future MPPT users in selecting appropriate MPPT algorithm for their requirement.

2018 - Solar Energy
Design of boost converter based on maximum power point resistance for photovoltaic applications

Abstract The design of the boost converter for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is complex due to the nonlinear characteristics of Photovoltaic (PV) modules. In addition, PV modules are irradiance and temperature dependent, which further increases the complexity of the boost converter design. This paper proposes a new approach that eases the design of the boost converter specifically for MPPT applications. This approach represents the maximum power point of the PV module as resistance to simplify the boost converter design, which specifies the design according to the PV module parameters. The derived equations require nine parameters to determine the inductance, input capacitance, and output capacitance of the MPPT boost converter. In this paper, the single diode PV model and the hill climbing MPPT algorithm have been applied in the simulation using MATLAB/Simulink®. The results show that the simulations of the boost converter followed the desired requirements. This proves that the calculated inductance, input capacitance, and output capacitance using the proposed method are accurate.

2016 - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Global Maximum Power Point Tracking (GMPPT) of Photovoltaic array using the Extremum Seeking Control (ESC): A review and a new GMPPT ESC scheme

The objective of this paper is to present a survey of the Perturbed-based Extremum Seeking Control (PESC) methods and their applications in Photovoltaic (PV) arrays under Partially Shaded Conditions (PSCs). A new PESC scheme is also proposed to seek and track the Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) of the PV power. This scheme has better performance than other GMPP methods and it may revive the specialists׳ interest in applying this PESC scheme in PV applications and others multimodal problems from industry. Different PV and nonlinear multimodal patterns were used to test the proposed control scheme. The results obtained have shown very good performance related to search speed and tracking accuracy of the GMPP under different PSCs simulated.

1999 - 30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)
New approach to photovoltaic arrays maximum power point tracking

The present trend for commercial telecommunication and scientific satellites is the utilization of standard platform, characterized by a high level of flexibility and reduced nonrecurring costs. One of the areas where flexibility is mandatory is the electrical primary power subsystem, due to the impact on solar array configuration and dimensions and on power conditioning unit. Use of the maximum power point tracker (MPPT) concept allows optimization of the above mentioned subsystem, maximizing the power transfer from the photovoltaic generator. The purpose of the paper is to present a new MPPT approach that allows minimization of the drawback caused by the intrinsic capacitance of the photovoltaic array (generally neglected) giving the possibility of operation with a large degree of freedom, independent from the converter topology and photovoltaic power generator, electrical network and technology.

2013 - Solar Energy
Comparison between conventional methods and GA approach for maximum power point tracking of shaded solar PV generators

The characteristics of a photovoltaic (PV) array are affected by temperature, solar insolation, and shading. In fact, under partially shaded conditions, the PV array characteristics get more complex with multiple maxima in the P–V and I–V characteristics. In this paper, a photovoltaic solar system composed of a solar panel under shade, connected to a DC/DC boost converter and controlled with different techniques, is studied and simulated under Matlab/Simpowersystem software. The study allowed us to conclude that the two common algorithms, the Perturb and Observe (PO however, they only detect the first maximum encountered either local or global and regardless of the course. To resolve these problems, a technique based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) is studied and simulated under the same software. The results show that the GA method has succeeded to overcome these difficulties and reach the global MPP.

2015
Comparison of Photovoltaic Array Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques

The many different techniques for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic (PV) arrays are discussed. The techniques are taken from the literature dating back to the earliest methods. It is shown that at least 19 distinct methods(Algo.) have been introduced in the literature, with many variations on implementation. One of the major concerns in the power sector is the day- to-day increasing power demand but the unavailability of enough resources to meet the power demand using the conventional energy sources. Demand has increased for renewable sources of energy to be utilized along with conventional systems to meet the energy demand. Renewable sources like wind energy and solar energy are the prime energy sources which are being utilized in this regard. The continuous use of fossil fuels has caused the fossil fuel deposit to be reduced and has drastically affected the environment depleting the biosphere and cumulatively adding to global warming. Solar energy is abundantly available that has made it possible to harvest it and utilize it properly. Solar energy can be a standalone generating unit or can be a grid connected generating unit depending on the availability of a grid nearby. Thus it can be used to power rural areas where the availability of grids is very low. Another advantage of using solar energy is the portable operation whenever wherever necessary. In order to tackle the present energy crisis one has to develop an efficient manner in which power has to be extracted from the incoming solar radiation. The power conversion mechanisms have been greatly reduced in size in the past few years. The development in power electronics and material science has helped engineers to come up very small but powerful systems to withstand the high power demand. But the disadvantage of these systems is the increased power density. Trend has set in for the use of multi-input converter units that can effectively handle the voltage fluctuations. But due to high production cost and the low efficiency of these systems they can hardly compete in the competitive markets as a prime power generation source. The constant increase in the development of the solar cells manufacturing technology would definitely make the use of these technologies possible on a wider basis than what the scenario is presently. The use of the newest power control mechanisms called the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms has led to the increase in the efficiency of operation of the solar modules and thus is effective in the field of utilization of renewable sources of energy. Solar cell operates at very low efficiency and thus a better control mechanism is required to increase the efficiency of the solar cell. In this field researchers have developed what are now called the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms.

Intensity dependence of current-voltage characteristics and recombination in high-efficiency solution-processed small-molecule solar cells.

Alan J. Heeger
|
Guillermo C. Bazan
|
Wei Lin Leong
|
Lin Ke
|
A. Heeger
|
G. Bazan
|
D. H. Wang
|
A. Kyaw
|
L. Ke
|
Vinay Gupta
|
Vinay Gupta
|
Dong Hwan Wang
|
Aung Ko Ko Kyaw

Abstract:Solution-processed small-molecule p-DTS(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells with power conversion efficiency of 8.01% are demonstrated. The fill factor (FF) is sensitive to the thickness of a calcium layer between the BHJ layer and the Al cathode; for 20 nm Ca thickness, the FF is 73%, the highest value reported for an organic solar cell. The maximum external quantum efficiency exceeds 80%. After correcting for the total absorption in the cell through normal incidence reflectance measurements, the internal quantum efficiency approaches 100% in the spectral range of 600-650 nm and well over 80% across the entire spectral range from 400 to 700 nm. Analysis of the current-voltage (J-V) characteristics at various light intensities provides information on the different recombination mechanisms in the BHJ solar cells with different thicknesses of the Ca layer. Our analysis reveals that the J-V curves are dominated by first-order recombination from the short-circuit condition to the maximum power point and evolve to bimolecular recombination in the range of voltage from the maximum power point to the open-circuit condition in the optimized device with a Ca thickness of 20 nm. In addition, the normalized photocurrent density curves reveal that the charge collection probability remains high; about 90% of charges are collected even at the maximum power point. The dominance of bimolecular recombination only when approaching open circuit, the lack of Shockley-Read-Hall recombination at open circuit, and the high charge collection probability (97.6% at the short circuit and constant over wide range of applied voltage) lead to the high fill factor.

参考文献

[1]  Robert A. Street,et al.  Transient photoconductivity in polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells: Competition between sweep-out and recombination , 2011 .

[2]  Alan J. Heeger,et al.  Recombination in polymer-fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells , 2010 .

[3]  Richard H. Friend,et al.  Direct Measurement of Electric Field‐Assisted Charge Separation in Polymer:Fullerene Photovoltaic Diodes , 2010, Advanced materials.

[4]  Valentin D. Mihailetchi,et al.  Bimolecular recombination in polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells , 2006 .

[5]  Martijn Lenes,et al.  Origin of the dark-current ideality factor in polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells , 2011 .

[6]  V. Sundström,et al.  Geminate charge recombination in polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction films and implications for solar cell function. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[7]  W. Read,et al.  Statistics of the Recombinations of Holes and Electrons , 1952 .

[8]  Thuc‐Quyen Nguyen,et al.  Quantification of Geminate and Non‐Geminate Recombination Losses within a Solution‐Processed Small‐Molecule Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cell , 2012, Advanced materials.

[9]  P. Blom,et al.  Origin of the Reduced Fill Factor and Photocurrent in MDMO‐PPV:PCNEPV All‐Polymer Solar Cells , 2007 .

[10]  Thuc‐Quyen Nguyen,et al.  Non‐Basic High‐Performance Molecules for Solution‐Processed Organic Solar Cells , 2012, Advanced materials.

[11]  J. Moon,et al.  Nanomorphology of PCDTBT:PC70BM Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells , 2012 .

[12]  J. Hummelen,et al.  Polymer Photovoltaic Cells: Enhanced Efficiencies via a Network of Internal Donor-Acceptor Heterojunctions , 1995, Science.

[13]  Yang Yang,et al.  High-efficiency solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends , 2005 .

[14]  Tracey M. Clarke,et al.  Charge carrier mobility, bimolecular recombination and trapping in polycarbazole copolymer:fullerene (PCDTBT:PCBM) bulk heterojunction solar cells , 2012 .

[15]  Valentin D. Mihailetchi,et al.  Origin of the light intensity dependence of the short-circuit current of polymer/fullerene solar cells , 2005 .

[16]  Robert A. Street,et al.  Experimental test for geminate recombination applied to organic solar cells , 2010 .

[17]  Nelson E. Coates,et al.  Bulk heterojunction solar cells with internal quantum efficiency approaching 100 , 2009 .

[18]  Dieter Neher,et al.  Nongeminate Recombination and Charge Transport Limitations in Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Solution‐Processed Small Molecule Solar Cells , 2013 .

[19]  R. Hall.  Electron-Hole Recombination in Germanium , 1952 .

[20]  F. Laquai,et al.  Effect of External Bias on Nongeminate Recombination in Polythiophene/Methanofullerene Organic Solar Cells , 2011 .

[21]  Christoph J. Brabec,et al.  Recombination and loss analysis in polythiophene based bulk heterojunction photodetectors , 2002 .

[22]  Valentin D. Mihailetchi,et al.  Charge Transport and Photocurrent Generation in Poly(3‐hexylthiophene): Methanofullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells , 2006 .

[23]  Charles L. Braun,et al.  Electric field assisted dissociation of charge transfer states as a mechanism of photocarrier production , 1984 .

[24]  Robert A. Street,et al.  Interface state recombination in organic solar cells , 2010 .

[25]  Ingo Riedel,et al.  Effect of Temperature and Illumination on the Electrical Characteristics of Polymer–Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells , 2004 .

[26]  Xiaoniu Yang,et al.  Relating the Morphology of Poly(p‐phenylene vinylene)/Methanofullerene Blends to Solar‐Cell Performance , 2004 .

[27]  Juliane Kniepert,et al.  Photogeneration and Recombination in P3HT/PCBM Solar Cells Probed by Time-Delayed Collection Field Experiments , 2011 .

[28]  Jie Zhang,et al.  Efficient Solution‐Processed Small‐Molecule Solar Cells with Inverted Structure , 2013, Advanced materials.

[29]  John R. Tumbleston,et al.  Interplay between Bimolecular Recombination and Carrier Transport Distances in Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells , 2012 .

[30]  M. Wienk,et al.  Quantifying Bimolecular Recombination Losses in Organic Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells , 2011, Advanced materials.

[31]  Valentin D. Mihailetchi,et al.  Light intensity dependence of open-circuit voltage of polymer: fullerene solar cells , 2005 .

引用
Improving the long-term stability of PBDTTPD polymer solar cells through material purification aimed at removing organic impurities
2013
A facile strategy for third-component selection in non-fullerene acceptor-based ternary organic solar cells
Energy & Environmental Science
2021
High-Efficiency All-Polymer Solar Cells with Poly-Small-Molecule Acceptors Having π-Extended Units with Broad Near-IR Absorption
2021
Achieving ultra-narrow bandgap non-halogenated non-fullerene acceptors via vinylene π-bridges for efficient organic solar cells
Materials Advances
2021
Barium: An Efficient Cathode Layer for Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells
Scientific Reports
2013
Stable high-performance hybrid perovskite solar cells with ultrathin polythiophene as hole-transporting layer
Nano Research
2015
Solution-processed and high-performance organic solar cells using small molecules with a benzodithiophene unit.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
2013
Cationic polyelectrolytes with alkylsulfonate counterions as cathode interface layer for high-performance polymer solar cells.
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
2020
Is organic photovoltaics promising for indoor applications
2016
Morphology-Controlled High-Efficiency Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells without Additive Solvent Treatment
Nanomaterials
2016
Interfacial energetic disorder induced by the molecular packing structure at conjugated polymer-based donor/acceptor heterojunctions
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
2021
Effects of oligothiophene π-bridge length on physical and photovoltaic properties of star-shaped molecules for bulk heterojunction solar cells
2014
Processing Friendly Slot-die Cast Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells with Optimized Morphology.
ACS applied materials & interfaces
2019
Spray coating of the PCBM electron transport layer significantly improves the efficiency of p-i-n planar perovskite solar cells.
Nanoscale
2018
Evolution of morphology and open-circuit voltage in alloy-energy transfer coexisting ternary organic solar cells
2017
Chlorinated Polymers for Efficient Solar Cells with High Open Circuit Voltage: The Influence of Different Thiazole Numbers.
Macromolecular rapid communications
2019
Design principles for electronic charge transport in solution-processed vertically stacked 2D perovskite quantum wells
Nature Communications
2018
Solution-processable n-doped graphene-containing cathode interfacial materials for high-performance organic solar cells
Energy & Environmental Science
2019
Highly responsive organic near-infrared photodetectors based on a porphyrin small molecule
2014
Air exposure induced recombination in PTB7:PC71BM solar cells
2017