相关论文
2004
The Design and Testing of a Cryogenic Pre-amplifier for the Rockwell HAWAII and HAWAII-II Detector Arrays

In order to reduce electronic noise to a minimum, it is desirable to include gain early in the electronic chain. A cryogenic pre-amplification stage situated on the fanout board provides this as well as reducing external electronic complexity. This paper presents the results of cryogenic tests on pre-amplifier components to be used on HAWAII and HAWAII-II fanout boards. The OPA×134 and AD851× are both good candidates for low noise, high speed (1 μs/pixel) applications.

2013 - Other Conferences
A continuous-wave THz imaging system

We develop a continuous wave terehertz (THz) imaging system operating at 288 GHz. This imaging system simply consitutes three parts including the source, two optical lenses, and the detector. The entire size is smaller than the tranditional pulsed THz imaging system. In this developed system, the THz wave is generated by a horn attenna which concentrates the wave in an azimuth angle of 3° ~ 5°. The source originates from a singnal generator, and then the frequency increases to 288 GHz after passing through an 8X multiplier. Next, THz wave is focused by a THz lens on the test sample. By controling the sample position in the x-z plane, we can scan it pixel-by-pixel in which each step along the x- or z- axes is 0.1 mm. After penetrating the test sample, another lens collects the transmitted THz wave and focuses them into the thermal detector. This detector can disply the collected THz power. Finally, by drawing the detected power of each pixel, a transmitted-intensity figure for all pixels is obtained. The resolution of this THz imaging system is about 1~2 mm at present. We have measured human molar tooth and obtained its transmitted figures. Besides, we also develop a technology to adjust the positions of the source and detector by a system containing one laser, one beamsplitter, and two mirrors. The relative positions between the source and detector is very important. The input of the source and the output of the detector are small so that they have to aim at each other very accurately in order to collect maximum transmitted power in the detector.

1982
Theoretical analysis of the use of germanium detectors for time-of-flight emission tomography

A theoretical analysis of the timing capabilities of Ge semiconductor detectors in time-of-flight positron emission tomography is presented. The effect of detector size on efficiency and time resolution is discussed. The relevant noise sources are determined and the optimum filter is derived to optimize the slope-to-noise ratio, while minimizing the effect of collection time variations on time resolution. The performance of the ideal filter is compared with a single RC integrator. For a lower energy threshold of 200 keV, time resolution of better than 250 ps seems to be a realistic goal for a detector of 0.5 x 0.5 cm cross section and 3 cm length. This detector would yield an overall efficiency of 36% for 511 keV gamma-rays and 80% of the detected photons would fall in the Gaussian part of the timing spectrum.

2013 - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
Development of microwave kinetic inductance detectors and their readout system for LiteBIRD

Abstract Primordial gravitational waves generated by inflation have produced an odd-parity pattern B-mode in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization. LiteBIRD (Light satellite for the studies of B-mode polarization and Inflation from cosmic background Radiation Detection) aims at detecting this B-mode polarization precisely. It requires about 2000 detectors capable of detecting a frequency range from 50 GHz to 250 GHz with ultra low noise. Superconducting detectors are suitable for this requirement. We have fabricated and tested microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) and developed a new readout system. We have designed antenna-coupled MKIDs. Quasi-particles are created by incident radiation and are detected as a change of the surface impedance of a superconductor strip. This change of the surface impedance is translated into the change of the resonant frequency of a microwave signal transmitted through the resonator. We also have developed a new readout system for MKIDs. The newly developed readout system is not only able to read out the amplitude and the phase data with the homodyne detection for multi-channels, but also provides a unique feature of tracking the resonant frequency of the target resonator. This mechanism enables us to detect signals with a large dynamic range. We report on the recent R&D status of the developing MKIDs and on the read-out system for LiteBIRD.

2005 - EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
A Novel Optical Vector Spectral Analysis Technique Employing a Limited-Bandwidth Detector

A new technique for obtaining frequency-dependent magnitude and phase information across an optical channel is presented using tunable allpass optical filters and a detector with a small bandwidth relative to the full channel width. This technique has application to optical monitoring of intersymbol interference distortions, including chromatic and polarization-mode dispersion effects, and thus can provide vector information for input to the control of adaptive optical filters. A method for generating a test signal spanning the spectrum of a modulated data signal without introducing intersymbol interference is discussed. This technique can also be used to characterize an optical pulse source and does not scale in complexity or cost as the bandwidth of the source increases.

2015 - 2015 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarCon)
Analysis of cross-correlation detector for passive radar applications

For passive radar target detection, the cross-correlation (CC) based detector is a popular method, which cross-correlates the signal received in a reference channel (RC) and the signal in a surveillance channel (SC). The CC is simple to implement and resembles the optimum matched filter (MF) in idealistic conditions. However, there is limited understanding on its performance in realistic passive sensing environments with non-negligible noise in the RC and direct-path interference in the SC. This paper examines such effects on the detection performance of the CC detector. First, closed-form expressions for the probabilities of false alarm and detection of the CC detector are derived by using a central limit theory based approximation, which are verified with Monte Carlo simulations. Then, we show analytically to what extent the noise in the RC and the direct-path interference in the SC should be suppressed in order to achieve a desired performance loss of the CC detector with respect to the MF. These results are useful in designing practical CC solutions for passive radar sensing.

1990 - Physical Review Letters
Measurement of the ratio sigma (W-->e nu )/ sigma (Z-->ee) in p-barp collisions at sqrt s =1.8 TeV.

An analysis of {ital W}- and {ital Z}-boson production using data from the Collider Detector at Fermilab at {radical}{ital s} =1.8 TeV yields {sigma}({ital W}{r arrow}{ital ev})/{sigma}({ital Z}{r arrow}{ital ee})=10.2{plus minus}0.8(stat){plus minus}0.4(syst). The width of the {ital W} boson, {Gamma}({ital W}), and a limit on the top-quark mass independent of decay mode are extracted from this measurement.

2017 - 1704.01033
Deterministic entanglement between a propagating photon and a singlet-triplet qubit in an optically active quantum dot molecule

Two-electron charged self-assembled quantum dot molecules exhibit a decoherence-avoiding singlet-triplet qubit subspace and an efficient spin-photon interface. We demonstrate quantum entanglement between emitted photons and the spin-qubit after the emission event. We measure the overlap with a fully entangled state to be $69.5\pm2.7\,\%$, exceeding the threshold of $50\,\%$ required to prove the non-separability of the density matrix of the system. The photonic qubit is encoded in two photon states with an energy difference larger than the timing resolution of existing detectors. We devise a novel heterodyne detection method, enabling projective measurements of such photonic color qubits along any direction on the Bloch sphere.

2011 - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
Design of a 12-Bit 2.5 MS/s Integrated Multi-Channel Single-Ramp Analog-to-Digital Converter for Imaging Detector Systems

This paper presents a novel design of a 12-bit multi-channel single-ramp analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for imaging detector systems. To overcome the problem of long conversion time in the classic Wilkinson ADC, a new architecture using a counter and delay line interpolations is proposed. Two 5-bit Gray counters are designed for the coarse conversion. The time interpolation using an array of five delay-locked loops (DLLs) and the multiphase sampling technique are proposed for the fine conversion. The 140-phase delay clocks are generated by the array and pseudo 7-bit fine resolution is achieved. A one-channel prototype chip is implemented in AMS 0.35 μm CMOS technology. The total conversion time is about 400 ns, which corresponds to a sampling rate of 2.5 MS/s. The proposed ADC can be utilized in many fields, such as high-energy physics, biomedical imaging, and space applications.

1968 - Applied Optics
Rapid scanning Raman spectroscopy.

Rapid scanning spectrometers have been designed and built that enable Raman spectra to be obtained in a very short time. The different techniques of laser excitation and photoelectric recording are compared: conventional scanning monochromators and photomultiplier detectors achieve oscillographic recording at spectral scanning speeds up to 1000 cm(-1)/sec; recent progress in photoelectrical devices permits simultaneous recording of the whole spectral region, by using image intensifier phototubes placed in the focal plane of high aperture grating spectrographs. With argon ion cw lasers, the Raman spectrum is usually recorded once every millisecond. With pulsed lasers, a high resolution spectrum is recorded for every pulse whose energy is in the 2-100-mJ region. Several examples of quickly evolving chemical reactions or instable species are given.

2008 - Environmental science & technology
Proxies and measurement techniques for mineral dust in Antarctic ice cores.

To improve quantitative interpretation of ice core aeolian dust records, a systematic methodological comparison was made. This involved methods for water-insoluble particle counting (Coulter counter and laser-sensing particle detector), soluble ion analysis (ion chromatography and continuous flow analysis), elemental analysis (inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy at pH 1 and after full acid digestion), and water-insoluble elemental analysis (proton induced X-ray emission). Antarctic ice core samples covering the last deglaciation from the EPICA Dome C (EDC) and the EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML) cores were used. All methods correlate very well among each other, but the ratios of glacial age to Holocene concentrations, which are typically a factor approximately 100, differ between the methods by up to a factor of 2 with insoluble particles showing the largest variability. The recovery of ICP-MS measurements depends on the digestion method and is differentfor different elements and during different climatic periods. EDC and EDML samples have similar dust composition, which suggests a common dust source or a common mixture of sources for the two sites. The analyzed samples further reveal a change of dust composition during the last deglaciation.

2007 - Yeast
Revised procedures for yeast metabolites extraction: application to a glucose pulse to carbon‐limited yeast cultures, which reveals a transient activation of the purine salvage pathway

In this study we have revised our original procedure of yeast metabolites extraction. We showed that: (a) less than 5% of intracellular metabolites leaks out during the step of rapid arrest of cellular metabolism by quenching yeast cells into a 60% methanol solution kept at −40 °C; and (b) with a few exception, the stability of metabolites were not altered during the 3 min boiling procedure in a buffered ethanol solution. However, there was a loss of external added metabolites of 5–30%, depending on the type of metabolites. This was mainly attributable to their retention on cellular debris after ethanol treatment, which prevented centrifugation of the cellular extracts before evaporation of ethanol. We further simplified our previous high‐performance ionic chromatography (HPIC) techniques for easier, more reliable and robust quantitative measurements of organic acids, sugar phosphates and sugar nucleotides, and extended these techniques to purine and pyrimidine bases, using a variable wavelength detector set at 220 and 260 nm in tandem with a pulsed electrochemical or suppressed conductivity detector. These protocols were successfully applied to a glucose pulse to carbon‐limited yeast cultures on purines metabolism. This study showed that glucose induced a fast activation of the purine salvage pathway, as indicated by a transient drop of ATP and ADP with a concomitant rise of IMP and inosine. This metabolic perturbation was accompanied by a rapid increase in the activity of the ISN1‐encoded specific IMP‐5′‐nucleotidase. The mechanism of this activation remains to be determined. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

2003 - Medical physics
Performance of a 41 x 41 cm2 amorphous silicon flat panel x-ray detector designed for angiographic and R&F imaging applications.

We measured the physical imaging performance of a 41 x 41 cm2 amorphous silicon flat panel detector designed for angiographic and R&F imaging applications using methods from the emerging IEC standard for the measurement of detective quantum efficiency (DQE) in digital radiographic detectors. Measurements on 12 production detectors demonstrate consistent performance. The mean DQE at the detector center is about 0.77 at zero frequency and 0.27 at the Nyquist frequency (2.5 cycles/mm) when measured with a 7 mm of Al HVL spectrum at about 3.6 microGy. The mean MTF at the center of the detector for this spectrum is 0.24 at the Nyquist frequency. For radiographic operation all 2048 x 2048 detector elements are read out individually. For fluoroscopy, the detector operates in two 30 frame per second modes: either the center 1024 x 1024 detector elements are read out or the entire detector is read out with 2 x 2 pixel binning. A model was developed to predict differences in performance between the modes, and measurements demonstrate agreement with the model. Lag was measured using a quasi-equilibrium exposure method and was found to be 0.044 in the first frame and less than 0.007 after 1 s. We demonstrated that it is possible to use the lag data to correct for temporal correlation in images when measuring DQE with a fluoroscopic imaging technique. Measurements as a function of position on the detector demonstrate a high degree of uniformity. We also characterized dependences on spectrum, exposure level, and direction. Finally, we measured the DQE of a current state of the art image intensifier/CCD system using the same method as for the flat panel. We found the image intensifier system to have lower DQE than the flat panel at high exposure levels and approximately equivalent DQE at fluoroscopic levels.

1967 - Nuclear Instruments and Methods
On the charge dividing mechanism in position sensitive detectors

The principle of operation of the one dimensional position sensitive detector is investigated by means of a simple model describing the detector as a line of a continuously distributed junction capacitance C and resistance R of the back layer. It is shown that a linear relationship exists between the position of the incident particle and the total charge collected at the position contact of the detector. The kinetics of the charge collected at the position and energy contact were computed. The rise times of the charge pulses (10–90%) are found to vary with the position of incidence up to about RC/4 sec.

2015 - 1510.05228
IceCube-Gen2 - The Next Generation Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole: Contributions to ICRC 2015

Papers submitted to the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2015, The Hague) by the IceCube-Gen2 Collaboration.

2014 - IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
Device Concepts for Graphene-Based Terahertz Photonics

Graphene is establishing itself as a new photonic material with huge potential in a variety of applications ranging from transparent electrodes in displays and photovoltaic modules to saturable absorber in mode-locked lasers. Its peculiar bandstructure and electron transport characteristics naturally suggest graphene could also form the basis for a new generation of high-performance devices operating in the terahertz (THz) range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The region between 300 GHz and 10 THz is in fact still characterized by a lack of efficient, compact, solid state photonic components capable of operating well at 300 K. Recent works have already shown very promising results in the development of high-speed modulators as well as of bolometer and plasma-wave detectors. Furthermore, several concepts have been proposed aiming at the realization of lasers and oscillators. This paper will review the latest achievements in graphene-based THz photonics and discuss future perspectives of this rapidly developing research field.

2006 - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
A new action potential detector using the MTEO and its effects on spike sorting systems at low signal-to-noise ratios

This paper considers neural signal processing applied to extracellular recordings, in particular, unsupervised action potential detection at a low signal-to-noise ratio. It adopts the basic framework of the multiresolution Teager energy operator (MTEO) detector, but presents important new results including a significantly improved MTEO detector with some mathematical analyses, a new alignment technique with its effects on the whole spike sorting system, and a variety of experimental results. Specifically, the new MTEO detector employs smoothing windows normalized by noise power derived from mathematical analyses and has an improved complexity by utilizing the sampling rate. Experimental results prove that this detector achieves higher detection ratios at a fixed false alarm ratio than the TEO detector and the discrete wavelet transform detector. We also propose a method that improves the action potential alignment performance. Observing that the extreme points of the MTEO output are more robust to the background noise than those of the action potentials, we use the MTEO output for action potential alignment. This brings not only noticeable improvement in alignment performance but also quite favorable influence over the classification performance. Accordingly, the proposed detector improves the performance of the whole spike sorting system. We verified the improvement using various modeled neural signals and some real neural recordings.

2006 - TRECVID
Chinese University of Hong Kong at TRECVID 2006: Shot Boundary Detection and Video Search

In this paper, we describe our methodologies and empirical evaluations for the shot boundary detection and automatic video search tasks at TRECVID 2006. For the shot boundary detection task, we consider a simple and efficient solution. Our approach first applies adaptive thresholding on color histogram differences between frames to select candidates for shot boundaries, then runs several tests to dismiss less likely ones. These tests proved to be too finely tuned to the TRECVID 2005 shot boundary detection task data, producing mediocre results on the 2006 data set. For the video search task, we propose a novel multimodal and multilevel ranking scheme for video ranking. Different from traditional ranking schemes, most of them are based on supervised approaches, our approach suggests a semi-supervised ranking method which can exploit both labeled and unlabeled data effectively for the ranking task. At the meantime, our multilevel approach makes the semi-supervised ranking method efficient for large-scale search task in practice. We will evaluate the empirical performance of our approaches and give comments of our solution.

2008 - 2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition
Face recognition using multiple interest point detectors and SIFT descriptors

The use of interest point detectors and SIFT descriptors for face recognition is studied in this paper. There are two main novelties with respect to previous approaches using SIFT features. First, the use of two scale-invariant interest point detectors (namely, Harris-Laplace and difference of Gaussians) which are combined in order to detect both corner-like structures and blob-like structures in face images. Second, the distance measure used, which takes into account both the number of matching points found between two images (according to their SIFT descriptors) and the coherence of these matches in terms of scales, orientations and spacial configuration. The results obtained with our model-based algorithm are compared with those of a classic appearance-based face recognition method (PCA) over two different face databases: the well-known AT&T database and a face database created at our university.

2008 - 2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition
Object recognition and segmentation using SIFT and Graph Cuts

In this paper, we propose a method of object recognition and segmentation using scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) and graph cuts. SIFT feature is invariant for rotations, scale changes, and illumination changes and it is often used for object recognition. However, in previous object recognition work using SIFT, the object region is simply presumed by the affine-transformation and the accurate object region was not segmented. On the other hand, graph cuts is proposed as a segmentation method of a detail object region. But it was necessary to give seeds manually. By combing SIFT and graph cuts, in our method, the existence of objects is recognized first by vote processing of SIFT keypoints. After that, the object region is cut out by graph cuts using SIFT keypoints as seeds. Thanks to this combination, both recognition and segmentation are performed automatically under cluttered backgrounds including occlusion.

THU and ICRC at TRECVID 2007

Dong Wang
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Xiaolin Hu
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Bo Zhang
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Yingyu Liang
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Chenguang Zhu
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Wen Li
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Shi Chen
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Jinhui Yuan
|
Peijiang Yuan
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Zhikun Wang
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Jianguo Li
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Yimin Zhang
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Zhichao Cao
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Jianmin Li
|
Qiuping Wang
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Zhishan Guo
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Xiaobing Liu
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Binbin Cao
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Tao Wang
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Zhaoshi Meng
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Aibo Tian
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Zhenlong Dai
|
Qiu Shi
|
Yinfeng Qin
|
Leigang Luo
|
Bo Zhang
|
Jinhui Yuan
|
Xiaobing Liu
|
Dong Wang
|
Jianmin Li
|
Yingyu Liang
|
Jianguo Li
|
Yimin Zhang
|
Xiaolin Hu
|
Peijiang Yuan
|
Zhaoshi Meng
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Chenguang Zhu
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Zhishan Guo
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Zhenlong Dai
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Zhichao Cao
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Qiuping Wang
|
Tao Wang
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Aibo Tian
|
Zhikun Wang
|
Wen Li
|
Binbin Cao
|
Leigang Luo
|
Yinfeng Qin
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Qiu Shi
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Shi-Qiang Chen

Abstract:Shot boundary detection The shot boundary detection system in 2007 is basically the same as that of last year. We make three major modifications in the system of this year. First, CUT detector and GT detector use block based RGB color histogram with the different parameters instead of the same ones. Secondly, we add a motion detection module to the GT detector to remove the false alarms caused by camera motion or large object movements. Finally, we add a post-processing module based on SIFT feature after both CUT and GT detector. The evaluation results show that all these modifications bring performance improvements to the system. The brief introduction to each run is shown in the following table: Run_id Description Thu01 Baseline system: RGB4_48 for CUT and GT detector, no motion detector, no sift post-processing, only using development set of 2005 as training set Thu02 Same algorithm as thu01, but with RGB16_48 for CUT detector, RGB4_48 for GT detector Thu03 Same algorithm as thu02, but with SIFT post-processing for CUT Thu04 Same algorithm as thu03, but with Motion detector for GT Thu05 Same algorithm as thu04, but with SIFT post-processing for GT Thu06 Same algorithm as thu05, but no SIFT processing for CUT Thu09 Same algorithm as thu05, but with different parameters thu11 Same algorithm as thu05, but with different parameters Thu13 Same algorithm as thu05, but with different parameters Thu14 Same algorithm and parameters as thu05, but trained with all the development data from 2003-2006 High-level feature extraction We try a novel approach, Multi-Label Multi-Feature learning (MLMF learning) to learn a joint-concept distribution on the regional level as an intermediate representation. Besides, we improve our Video diver indexing system by designing new features, comparing learning algorithms and exploring novel fusion algorithms. Based on these efforts in improving feature, learning and fusion algorithms, we achieve top results in HFE this year.

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引用
Exploiting semantics on external resources to gather visual examples for video retrieval
International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval
2012
Video copy detection using multiple visual cues and MPEG-7 descriptors
J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent.
2010
Probabilistic optimized ranking for multimedia semantic concept detection via RVM
CIVR '08
2008
Walsh–Hadamard Transform Kernel-Based Feature Vector for Shot Boundary Detection
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
2014
vdFP - Video fingerprinting technologies for media and security applications - D1 : Report on existing technologies
2010
One step beyond histograms: Image representation using Markov stationary features
2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
2008
Concept detection and keyframe extraction using a visual thesaurus
Multimedia Tools and Applications
2009
Multi-Layer Multi-Instance Learning for Video Concept Detection
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
2008
Shot-change detection based on multifractal analysis
2015 23rd Telecommunications Forum Telfor (TELFOR)
2015
Performance evaluation of early and late fusion methods for generic semantics indexing
Pattern Analysis and Applications
2013
BUPT-MCPRL at TRECVID 2009
TRECVID
2009
Unsupervised Detection of Gradual Video Shot Changes with Motion-Based False Alarm Removal
ACIVS
2009
Video annotation based on adaptive annular spatial partition scheme
IEICE Electron. Express
2010
Video shot boundary detection using multiscale geometric analysis of nsct and least squares support vector machine
Multimedia Tools and Applications
2018
SHOT BOUNDARY DETECTION USING HILBERT TRANSFORM BASED FEATURES
2015
Parallelization and optimization of a CBVIR system on multi-core architectures
2009 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel & Distributed Processing
2009
Modeling Objects with Local Descriptors of Biologically Motivated Selective Attention
2008 Fourth International Conference on Natural Computation
2008
Learning structured concept-segments for interactive video retrieval
CIVR '08
2008
Ensemble approach based on conditional random field for multi-label image and video annotation
ACM Multimedia
2011
Markov chain local binary pattern and its application to video concept detection
2008 15th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing
2008