Draft Standard for Learning Object Metadata
Permission is hereby granted for IEEE Standards Committee participants to reproduce this document for purposes of IEEE standardization activities only. Prior to submitting this document to another standard development organization for standardization activities, permission must first be obtained from the Manager, Standards Licensing and Contracts, IEEE Standards Activities Department. Other entities seeking permission to reproduce portions of this document must obtain the appropriate license from the Manager, Standards Licensing and Contracts, IEEE Standards Activities Department. The IEEE is the sole entity that may authorize the use of IEEE owned trademarks, certification marks, or other designations that may indicate compliance with the materials contained herein.
Design principles for authoring dynamic, reusable learning objects
The aim of this paper is to delineate a coherent framework for the authoring of re-purposable learning objects. The approach is orthogonal to the considerable work into learning object metadata and packaging conducted by bodies such as IMS, ADL and the IEEE. The 'learning objects' and standardisation work has been driven largely by adding packaging and metadata to pre-constructed learning artefacts. This work is very valuable. The argument of this paper, however, is that these developments must be supplemented by significant changes in the creation of learning objects. The principal aim of this paper is to delineate authoring principles for reuse and repurposing. The principles are based on a synthesis of ideas from pedagogy and software engineering. These principles are outlined and illustrated from a case study in the area of learning to program in Java.
Identifier management and resolution: conforming the IEEE standard for learning object metadata
Uniform Resource Identifiers are an integral part of the current Architecture of the World Wide Web. This work analyzes the implications and possibilities of using Universal Resource Names as unique and persistent identifiers in systems for management of decentralized content and federated collections. Particularly, discussion focuses on applying such identifiers on the context of a learning object repository that the authors are developing at Universidad Nacional del Litoral, according to the IEEE 1484.12.1 standard for Learning Object Metadata. It is explained why Uniform Resource Locators are inadequate, and why Universal Resource Names are preferable. A standardized resolution service over Hypertext Transfer Protocol is recommended for locating resources, and usage of Uniform Resource Characteristics for accessing Learning Object Metadata is proposed. Finally, a content-negotiation mechanism for selecting the best representation among several format or language variants is outlined. The proposed naming schema provides a doubleindirection mechanism, comparable to the Human- Friendly Names approach proposed by Ballintijn, van Steen, and Tanenbaum for improving scalability and usability in naming replicated resources.
genetic algorithm positioning system process control sample size solar cell visible light dna sequence learning object indoor positioning received signal strength statistical process control indoor localization quantum dot statistical proces indoor positioning system count datum hecke algebra factorial design ieee standard binding site escherichia coli weighted moving average knowledge structure statistical quality control poisson structure cell cycle choice behavior econometric model quality level exponentially weighted moving fractional factorial design saccharomyces cerevisiae selection bia affine weyl group statistical process monitoring power conversion efficiency dye-sensitized solar cell charge transport uniform resource identifier learning object metadatum embryonic stem cell moving average control object class dye-sensitized solar reusable learning object linkage disequilibrium quantity discount spatial process spatial econometric population parameter embryonic stem reusable learning object metadatum heterojunction solar cell dna repair location fingerprinting cell development indoor positioning technique spatial econometric model radiation tolerance heterojunction solar genetic linkage signal peptide bulk heterojunction dna segment recombination rate bulk heterojunction solar dna recombination wifi-based indoor localization surface recombination escherichia coli. low-density lipoprotein indoor positioning solution proposed positioning system surface recombination velocity solar cells. neisseria meningitidi genetic heterogeneity learning object review dna break xrcc5 wt allele xrcc5 gene t cell receptor v(d)j recombination v(d)j recombination-activating protein 1 excretory function neuritis, autoimmune, experimental leukemia, b-cell dna sequence rearrangement immunoglobulin class switch recombination immunoglobulin class switching lipoprotein receptor dna breaks, double-stranded telomere maintenance v(d)j recombination genome encoded entity vdj recombinase recombination, genetic crossover (genetic algorithm) meiotic recombination homologous recombination