Stakeholder influences on sustainability practices in the Canadian forest products industry
We examined how managers' perceptions of different types of stakeholder influences in the Canadian forestry industry affect the types of sustainability practices that their firms adopt. Both influences involving withholding of resources by social and ecological stakeholders and those involving directed usage of resources from economic stakeholders were found to drive such practices. We found that the industry and its stakeholders have moved beyond a focus on early stages of sustainability performance such as pollution control and eco-efficiency. However, more advanced practices, such as those involving the redefinition of business and industrial ecosystems where firms locate in a region so that they can exchange and utilize wastes generated by other firms, are in their infancy. Stakeholders and firms in the industry are focused on the intermediate sustainability phases involving recirculation of materials and redesign of processes including sustainable harvesting of lumber. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Business networks and the uptake of sustainability practices: the case of New Zealand
This paper reports on the adoption of sustainability practices by a sample of over 800 firms in New Zealand, contrasting results from members of the Sustainable Business Network (SBN) with non-members. The study also examined differences related to business size. Not surprisingly, large firms were found to be more actively engaged in sustainability. On the other hand, of the sample approximately one-third cited the existence of barriers to adoption of sustainable practices. Of these, larger companies were more likely to state that costs or other priorities inhibited the adoption of such practices. Generally speaking members of an SBN were more likely than non-members to adopt environmental initiatives, citing in particular the importance of reputation and brand, but in terms of total waste and energy waste there were no significant differences between members and non-members. There were few differences between the two groups on the adoption of social practices. In assessing membership of an SBN and company size as determinants of good environmental practices, company size was found to be the more significant factor.
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