Hilbert mobile beacon for localisation and coverage in sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) constitute a major area of research developing at a very fast pace. Target localisation and coverage are core issues in the field of WSN and represent constraints that affect the effectiveness of WSN. This article focuses on localisation and coverage and identifies a relationship of dependence between the two issues. Throughout this article, a localisation algorithm is proposed and also an energy efficient approach that aims to preserve coverage. The use of a mobile beacon is suggested to divide the region of interest into unit squares following the same method used in the Hilbert space filling curve. A proper choice of the order of the Hilbert curve (i.e. the region subdivisions) is studied to guarantee the localisation of all nodes as well as the total area of coverage. The mobile beacon assists to determine the physical location of undetected nodes by sending beacon packets while traversing the region of interest. It also locally derives an activity scheduling between nodes with a relatively low cost in terms of energy spent by nodes compared to other approaches. In order to validate the effectiveness of the above proposed approach, a series of experiments have been conducted and will be mentioned throughout this article.

[1]  Miklós Maróti,et al.  Sensor node localization using mobile acoustic beacons , 2005, IEEE International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems Conference, 2005..

[2]  Miodrag Potkonjak,et al.  Power efficient organization of wireless sensor networks , 2001, ICC 2001. IEEE International Conference on Communications. Conference Record (Cat. No.01CH37240).

[3]  Xiang Ji,et al.  Sensor positioning in wireless ad-hoc sensor networks using multidimensional scaling , 2004, IEEE INFOCOM 2004.

[4]  Ding-Zhu Du,et al.  Improving Wireless Sensor Network Lifetime through Power Aware Organization , 2005, Wirel. Networks.

[5]  Anthony Man-Cho So,et al.  Theory of semidefinite programming for Sensor Network Localization , 2005, SODA '05.

[6]  Jacques M. Bahi,et al.  Localization and coverage for high density sensor networks , 2008, Comput. Commun..

[7]  Miodrag Potkonjak,et al.  Coverage problems in wireless ad-hoc sensor networks , 2001, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213).

[8]  Mihail L. Sichitiu,et al.  Localization of wireless sensor networks with a mobile beacon , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Systems (IEEE Cat. No.04EX975).

[9]  Neal Patwari,et al.  Distributed Multidimensional Scaling with Adaptive Weighting for Node Localization in Sensor Networks , 2004 .

[10]  Jun Luo,et al.  Non-Interactive Location Surveying for Sensor Networks with Mobility-Differentiated ToA , 2006, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2006. 25TH IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications.

[11]  Koen Langendoen,et al.  Distributed localization in wireless sensor networks: a quantitative compariso , 2003, Comput. Networks.

[12]  Erik D. Demaine,et al.  Anchor-Free Distributed Localization in Sensor Networks , 2003 .

[13]  David Simplot-Ryl,et al.  Preserving area coverage in wireless sensor networks by using surface coverage relay dominating sets , 2005, 10th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC'05).

[14]  Tarek Hamel,et al.  Path following with a security margin for mobile robots , 2001, Int. J. Syst. Sci..

[15]  Seth J. Teller,et al.  The cricket compass for context-aware mobile applications , 2001, MobiCom '01.

[16]  Yu-Chee Tseng,et al.  The Coverage Problem in a Wireless Sensor Network , 2003, WSNA '03.

[17]  Hari Balakrishnan,et al.  Lessons from Developing and Deploying the Cricket Indoor Location System , 2003 .

[18]  Laurent El Ghaoui,et al.  Convex Optimization Methods for Sensor Node Position Estimation , 2001, INFOCOM.

[19]  Zhengdao Wang,et al.  Mostly-Sleeping Wireless Sensor Networks: Connectivity, k-Coverage, and -Lifetime , 2005 .

[20]  Carlos Silvestre,et al.  Coordinated path following control of multiple wheeled robots using linearization techniques , 2006, Int. J. Syst. Sci..

[21]  Alfred O. Hero,et al.  Distributed weighted-multidimensional scaling for node localization in sensor networks , 2006, TOSN.

[22]  Christos Faloutsos,et al.  Fractals for secondary key retrieval , 1989, PODS.

[23]  Deying Li,et al.  Wireless Sensor Networks with Energy Efficient Organization , 2002, J. Interconnect. Networks.

[24]  Ahmed Mostefaoui,et al.  A Mobile Beacon Based Approach for Sensor Network Localization , 2007 .

[25]  Xiang-Yang Li,et al.  Coverage in wireless ad-hoc sensor networks , 2002, 2002 IEEE International Conference on Communications. Conference Proceedings. ICC 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37333).

[26]  Erik D. Demaine,et al.  Mobile-assisted localization in wireless sensor networks , 2005, Proceedings IEEE 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies..

[27]  Paramvir Bahl,et al.  RADAR: an in-building RF-based user location and tracking system , 2000, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2000. Conference on Computer Communications. Nineteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (Cat. No.00CH37064).

[28]  Jacques M. Bahi,et al.  A Mobile Beacon Based Approach for Sensor Network Localization , 2007, Third IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob 2007).