Evaluation of Methods for Three-Dimensional Localization of Electrical Sources in the Human Brain

A quantitative evaluation has been made of methods designed to identify the intracranial sources of scalp recorded potentials. The scheme presented models the sources as equivalent dipoles and allows for the detection of multiple sources. The head is modeled by both homogeneous and inhomogeneous spheres. The results establish the technical feasibility of finding equivalent dipoles in the visual cortex for human visually evoked scalp potentials (VESP's).

[1]  P. Gérin,et al.  Une méthode de localisation des dipôles cérébraux , 1970 .

[2]  D. Marquardt.  An Algorithm for Least-Squares Estimation of Nonlinear Parameters , 1963 .

[3]  D H Fender,et al.  The dimensionality of the human visual evoked scalp potential. , 1976, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[4]  D H Fender,et al.  Field studies of averaged visually evoked EEG potentials in a patient with a split chiasm. , 1969, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[5]  D. Hubel,et al.  Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex , 1962, The Journal of physiology.

[6]  D. Hubel,et al.  Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex , 1968, The Journal of physiology.

[7]  K. A. Kooi,et al.  Field studies of monocularly evoked cerebral potentials in bitemporal hemianopsia , 1973, Neurology.

[8]  D G Childers,et al.  Topological characteristics of the visual evoked response in man. , 1971, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[9]  C. D. Geisler,et al.  The surface EEG in relation to its sources , 1961 .

[10]  W A Cobb,et al.  Evoked potentials from the human scalp to visual half-field stimulation. , 1970, The Journal of physiology.

[11]  M R Schneider,et al.  A multistage process for computing virtual dipolar sources of EEG discharges from surface information. , 1972, IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering.

[12]  William R. Biersdorf,et al.  Cortical Evoked Responses from Stimulation of Various Regions of the Visual Field , 1974 .

[13]  A M Halliday,et al.  Differences between the occipital distribution of upper and lower field pattern-evoked responses in man. , 1971, Brain research.

[14]  S. Butler,et al.  The localization of equivalent dipoles of EEG sources by the application of electrical field theory. , 1975, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[15]  D Ristanović,et al.  The human visual cortex as a system of four generators. , 1971, Acta medica Iugoslavica.

[16]  D. Lehmann,et al.  Human Scalp EEG Fields: Evoked, Alpha, Sleep, and Spike-Wave Patterns , 1972 .

[17]  T. Allison,et al.  The scalp topography of human visual evoked potentials , 1977 .

[18]  A M Halliday,et al.  Changes in pattern‐evoked responses in man associated with the vertical and horizontal meridians of the visual field , 1970, The Journal of physiology.

[19]  D H HUBEL,et al.  RECEPTIVE FIELDS AND FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE IN TWO NONSTRIATE VISUAL AREAS (18 AND 19) OF THE CAT. , 1965, Journal of neurophysiology.

[20]  H. P. Meles,et al.  Average multichannel EEG potential fields evoked from upper and lower hemi-retina: latency differences. , 1977, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[21]  M Schneider.  Effect of inhomogeneities on surface signals coming from a cerebral current-dipole source. , 1974, IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering.

[22]  J C SHAW,et al.  Potential distribution analysis. II. A theoretical consideration of its significance in terms of electrical field theory. , 1955, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[23]  R. M. Arthur,et al.  Effect of inhomogeneities on the apparent location and magnitude of a cardiac current dipole source. , 1970, IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering.

[24]  W. Ritter,et al.  The sources of auditory evoked responses recorded from the human scalp. , 1970, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[25]  D L Jewett,et al.  The effect of media inhomogeneities upon intracranial electrical fields. , 1972, IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering.

[26]  Z Nakamura,et al.  Localization of the human visual evoked response. Early components specific to visual stimulation. , 1971, American journal of ophthalmology.

[27]  Mary A.B. Brazier,et al.  A Study of the Electrical Fields at the Surface of the Head , 1966 .

[28]  William R. Biersdorf,et al.  Localization Studies of the Human Visual Evoked Response , 1973 .

[29]  D. A. Driscoll,et al.  EEG electrode sensitivity--an application of reciprocity. , 1969, IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering.

[30]  J. Scherrer,et al.  Comparaison de l'EEG recueilli sur le scalp avec l'activité élémentaire des dipoles corticaux radiaires , 1965 .

[31]  D. Hubel,et al.  Binocular interaction in striate cortex of kittens reared with artificial squint. , 1965, Journal of neurophysiology.

[32]  H G Vaughan,et al.  Topography of the human motor potential. , 1968, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.