Importance of tie strengths in the prisonerʼs dilemma game on social networks

Abstract Though numerous researches have shown that tie strengths play a key role in the formation of collective behavior in social networks, little work has been done to explore their impact on the outcome of evolutionary games. In this Letter, we studied the effect of tie strength in the dynamics of evolutionary prisonerʼs dilemma games by using online social network datasets. The results show that the fraction of cooperators has a non-trivial dependence on tie strength. Weak ties, just like previous researches on epidemics and information diffusion have shown, play a key role by the maintenance of cooperators in evolutionary prisonerʼs dilemma games.

[1]  Lin Zhao,et al.  Evolutionary games on scale-free networks with a preferential selection mechanism , 2009 .

[2]  F. C. Santos,et al.  Evolutionary dynamics of social dilemmas in structured heterogeneous populations. , 2006, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[3]  M. Perc,et al.  Coevolution of teaching activity promotes cooperation , 2008, 0803.4091.

[4]  F. C. Santos,et al.  Social diversity promotes the emergence of cooperation in public goods games , 2008, Nature.

[5]  Feng Qi,et al.  Randomness enhances cooperation: a resonance-type phenomenon in evolutionary games. , 2007, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[6]  G. Szabó,et al.  Cooperation enhanced by inhomogeneous activity of teaching for evolutionary Prisoner's Dilemma games , 2006, q-bio/0610001.

[7]  Albert,et al.  Emergence of scaling in random networks , 1999, Science.

[8]  Matjaž Perc,et al.  Chaos promotes cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game , 2006 .

[9]  M. Nowak,et al.  Tit for tat in heterogeneous populations , 1992, Nature.

[10]  A-L Barabási,et al.  Structure and tie strengths in mobile communication networks , 2006, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[11]  J M Smith,et al.  Evolution and the theory of games , 1976 .

[12]  Xiang Li,et al.  Roles of mixing patterns in cooperation on a scale-free networked game. , 2007, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[13]  Mark S. Granovetter The Strength of Weak Ties , 1973, American Journal of Sociology.

[14]  J. Nash Equilibrium Points in N-Person Games. , 1950, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[15]  M. Perc,et al.  Social diversity and promotion of cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game. , 2007, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[16]  Attila Szolnoki,et al.  Coevolutionary Games - A Mini Review , 2009, Biosyst..

[17]  M. Perc Double resonance in cooperation induced by noise and network variation for an evolutionary prisoner's dilemma , 2006 .

[18]  F. C. Santos,et al.  Scale-free networks provide a unifying framework for the emergence of cooperation. , 2005, Physical review letters.

[19]  W. Hamilton,et al.  The Evolution of Cooperation , 1984 .

[20]  Junjie Wu,et al.  Weak ties: subtle role of information diffusion in online social networks. , 2010, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[21]  M. Nowak,et al.  Evolutionary games and spatial chaos , 1992, Nature.

[22]  Long Wang,et al.  Social dilemmas in an online social network: The structure and evolution of cooperation , 2007, physics/0701323.

[23]  M. Nowak,et al.  A strategy of win-stay, lose-shift that outperforms tit-for-tat in the Prisoner's Dilemma game , 1993, Nature.

[24]  Attila Szolnoki,et al.  Restricted connections among distinguished players support cooperation. , 2008, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[25]  Attila Szolnoki,et al.  Making new connections towards cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game , 2008, 0811.4372.

[26]  G. Szabó,et al.  Evolutionary games on graphs , 2006, cond-mat/0607344.