Rational Verification: From Model Checking to Equilibrium Checking

Rational verification is concerned with establishing whether a given temporal logic formula φ is satisfied in some or all equilibrium computations of a multi-agent system – that is, whether the system will exhibit the behaviour φ under the assumption that agents within the system act rationally in pursuit of their preferences. After motivating and introducing the framework of rational verification, we present formal models through which rational verification can be studied, and survey the complexity of key decision problems. We give an overview of a prototype software tool for rational verification, and conclude with a discussion and related work.

[1]  Michael Wooldridge,et al.  Bad equilibria (and what to do about them) , 2012, ECAI.

[2]  Michael Wooldridge,et al.  Reasoning about equilibria in game-like concurrent systems , 2014, Ann. Pure Appl. Log..

[3]  A. Pnueli,et al.  On the Synthesis of an Asynchronous Reactive Module , 1989, ICALP.

[4]  Barbara Messing,et al.  An Introduction to MultiAgent Systems , 2002, Künstliche Intell..

[5]  A. Roth,et al.  Last-Minute Bidding and the Rules for Ending Second-Price Auctions: Evidence from eBay and Amazon Auctions on the Internet , 2002 .

[6]  Michael Wooldridge,et al.  Equilibria of concurrent games on event structures , 2014, CSL-LICS.

[7]  Robert S. Boyer,et al.  The Correctness Problem in Computer Science , 1982 .

[8]  Wolfgang Thomas,et al.  Handbook of Theoretical Computer Science, Volume B: Formal Models and Semantics , 1990 .

[9]  Sarit Kraus,et al.  Incentive Engineering for Boolean Games , 2011, IJCAI.

[10]  Tim Roughgarden,et al.  Algorithmic Game Theory , 2007 .

[11]  Edmund M. Clarke,et al.  Model Checking , 1999, Handbook of Automated Reasoning.

[12]  Glynn Winskel,et al.  Event Structures , 1986, Advances in Petri Nets.

[13]  Orna Kupferman,et al.  Repairing Multi-Player Games , 2015, CONCUR.

[14]  Michael Wooldridge,et al.  An Introduction to MultiAgent Systems, Second Edition , 2009 .

[15]  Edmund M. Clarke,et al.  Design and Synthesis of Synchronization Skeletons Using Branching Time Temporal Logic , 2008, 25 Years of Model Checking.

[16]  Jürgen Dix,et al.  Reasoning about temporal properties of rational play , 2008, Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence.

[17]  Krishnendu Chatterjee,et al.  Strategy logic , 2007, Inf. Comput..

[18]  Sarit Kraus,et al.  Manipulating Games by Sharing Information , 2014, Stud Logica.

[19]  Patricia Bouyer,et al.  Pure Nash Equilibria in Concurrent Deterministic Games , 2015, Log. Methods Comput. Sci..

[20]  Michael Wooldridge,et al.  A Tool for the Automated Verification of Nash Equilibria in Concurrent Games , 2015, ICTAC.

[21]  Dana Fisman,et al.  Rational Synthesis , 2009, TACAS.

[22]  Krishnendu Chatterjee,et al.  A survey of stochastic ω-regular games , 2012, J. Comput. Syst. Sci..

[23]  Michael Wooldridge,et al.  Expresiveness and Complexity Results for Strategic Reasoning , 2015, CONCUR.

[24]  M. Dufwenberg Game theory. , 2011, Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science.

[25]  Yoav Shoham,et al.  Multiagent Systems - Algorithmic, Game-Theoretic, and Logical Foundations , 2009 .

[26]  Michael Wooldridge,et al.  Iterated Boolean games , 2013, Inf. Comput..

[27]  Pierre Wolper,et al.  An Automata-Theoretic Approach to Automatic Program Verification (Preliminary Report) , 1986, LICS.

[28]  Thomas A. Henzinger,et al.  Alternating-time temporal logic , 1997, Proceedings 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science.

[29]  Fred Kröger,et al.  Temporal Logic of Programs , 1987, EATCS Monographs on Theoretical Computer Science.

[30]  Thomas A. Henzinger,et al.  Reactive Modules , 1996, Proceedings 11th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science.

[31]  Ronald Fagin,et al.  Reasoning about knowledge , 1995 .

[32]  Cees Witteveen,et al.  Boolean games , 2001 .

[33]  Ronen I. Brafman,et al.  On the complexity of planning for agent teams and its implications for single agent planning , 2013, Artif. Intell..

[34]  E. Allen Emerson,et al.  Temporal and Modal Logic , 1991, Handbook of Theoretical Computer Science, Volume B: Formal Models and Sematics.