The application of neuroimaging to social inequity and language disparity: A cautionary examination

Highlights • Researchers rely on reverse inference to interpret SES-related brain data.• Neural differences related to SES are posited to be indicative of language delays.• SES is confounded with cultural language use, bilingualism, and first-language.• Cognitive tests may under-predict abilities of some children.• Future neuroimaging studies must examine aspects of children’s language directly.

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