Long-term assessment of a service robot in a hotel environment

The long term evaluation of the Sacarino robot is presented in this paper. The study is aimed to improve the robot's capabilities as a bellboy in a hotel; walking alongside the guests, providing information about the city and the hotel and providing hotel-related services. The paper establishes a three-stage assessment methodology based on the continuous measurement of a set of metrics regarding navigation and interaction with guests. Sacarino has been automatically collecting information in a real hotel environment for long periods of time. The acquired information has been analyzed and used to improve the robot's operation in the hotel through successive refinements. Some interesting considerations and useful hints for the researchers of service robots have been extracted from the analysis of the results. Long-term evaluation in real environment under unsupervised conditions.The evaluation methodology includes both qualitative and quantitative aspects.A set of metrics are analyzed concerning social interaction and navigation.Improvement of the robot's performance through assessment feedback.

[1]  Ana Paiva,et al.  Social Robots for Long-Term Interaction: A Survey , 2013, International Journal of Social Robotics.

[2]  Anders Green,et al.  Social and collaborative aspects of interaction with a service robot , 2003, Robotics Auton. Syst..

[3]  Rodriguez-LizundiaEduardo,et al.  A bellboy robot , 2015 .

[4]  Munindar P. Singh,et al.  Conversational Agents , 1997 .

[5]  Hector J. Levesque,et al.  Knowledge Representation and Reasoning , 2004 .

[6]  Hugh Durrant-Whyte,et al.  Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM): part II , 2006 .

[7]  Yiannis Demiris,et al.  Adaptive human-robot interaction in sensorimotor task instruction: From human to robot dance tutors , 2014, Robotics Auton. Syst..

[8]  Reid G. Simmons,et al.  Affective social robots , 2010, Robotics Auton. Syst..

[9]  Munindar P. Singh The Practical Handbook of Internet Computing , 2004 .

[10]  Howie Choset,et al.  Principles of Robot Motion: Theory, Algorithms, and Implementation ERRATA!!!! 1 , 2007 .

[11]  Daniele Calandriello,et al.  Physically Interactive Robogames: Definition and design guidelines , 2013, Robotics Auton. Syst..

[12]  Stephanie Rosenthal,et al.  Designing robots for long-term social interaction , 2005, 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems.

[13]  Chu Kiong Loo,et al.  Extensive assessment and evaluation methodologies on assistive social robots for modelling human-robot interaction - A review , 2015, Inf. Sci..

[14]  Maartje M. A. de Graaf,et al.  Exploring influencing variables for the acceptance of social robots , 2013, Robotics Auton. Syst..

[15]  J. G. Hollands,et al.  Engineering Psychology and Human Performance , 1984 .

[16]  Selma Sabanovic,et al.  Robots in Society, Society in Robots , 2010, Int. J. Soc. Robotics.

[17]  Andrea Lockerd Thomaz,et al.  Effects of nonverbal communication on efficiency and robustness in human-robot teamwork , 2005, 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems.

[18]  RosRaquel,et al.  Adaptive human-robot interaction in sensorimotor task instruction , 2014 .

[19]  Luca Iocchi,et al.  Benchmarking Intelligent Service Robots through Scientific Competitions: The RoboCup@Home Approach , 2013, AAAI Spring Symposium: Designing Intelligent Robots.

[20]  Sara B. Kiesler,et al.  Human Mental Models of Humanoid Robots , 2005, Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.

[21]  Eduardo Zalama Casanova,et al.  A bellboy robot: Study of the effects of robot behaviour on user engagement and comfort , 2015, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[22]  Takayuki Kanda,et al.  A Communication Robot in a Shopping Mall , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Robotics.

[23]  Jodi Forlizzi,et al.  Service robots in the domestic environment: a study of the roomba vacuum in the home , 2006, HRI '06.

[24]  H. Wallace,et al.  New Frontiers , 1934 .

[25]  Illah R. Nourbakhsh,et al.  A survey of socially interactive robots , 2003, Robotics Auton. Syst..

[26]  Wolfram Burgard,et al.  Principles of Robot Motion: Theory, Algorithms, and Implementation ERRATA!!!! 1 , 2007 .

[27]  Brian Scassellati,et al.  The effect of presence on human-robot interaction , 2008, RO-MAN 2008 - The 17th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication.

[28]  Luca Iocchi,et al.  RoboCup@Home: Scientific Competition and Benchmarking for Domestic Service Robots , 2009 .

[29]  Jean Scholtz,et al.  Common metrics for human-robot interaction , 2006, HRI '06.

[30]  E. Gat On Three-Layer Architectures , 1997 .

[31]  Britta Wrede,et al.  Towards a typology of meaningful signals and cues in social robotics , 2011, 2011 RO-MAN.

[32]  Eduardo Zalama Casanova,et al.  Sacarino, a Service Robot in a Hotel Environment , 2013, ROBOT.

[33]  James C. Lester,et al.  Conversational Agents , 2004, The Practical Handbook of Internet Computing.

[34]  Hugh F. Durrant-Whyte,et al.  Simultaneous localization and mapping: part I , 2006, IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine.

[35]  Hugh Durrant-Whyte,et al.  Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping ( SLAM ) : Part I The Essential Algorithms , 2006 .

[36]  Raj Madhavan,et al.  Benchmarking and standardization of intelligent robotic systems , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Advanced Robotics.

[37]  Kerstin Dautenhahn,et al.  New Frontiers in Human-Robot Interaction , 2011 .

[38]  Anupam Agrawal,et al.  Vision based hand gesture recognition for human computer interaction: a survey , 2012, Artificial Intelligence Review.