Data analytics of urban fabric metrics for smart cities

Abstract Comprehensive understanding of the built environment, especially the urban form, is a prerequisite for building a smart city. Data analytics of urban fabric metrics using quantitative methods is critical to understanding a city’s complexity. This paper aims to study urban fabric using comprehensive computation methods. A series of morphological indexes of urban blocks are established to measure the blocks’ overall features and subtle differences. This study uses multiple statistical methods with computation techniques and machine learning to fulfill factor analysis and clustering to classify major block types and their spatial distribution, and this study aims to precisely position the important continuous zone and fracture locations within the study area based on a geo-information system (GIS), effectively revealing the potential morphological order of different block types in the urban fabric. The study provides accurate basis and technical support for the optimization of urban construction. It has important and practical significance for promoting the scientific and reasonable implementation of a new type of urbanization.

[1]  K. Lynch.  Good city form , 1984 .

[2]  Arthur S. Lieberman,et al.  Landscape Ecology , 1994, Springer New York.

[3]  R Conroy-Dalton,et al.  The syntactical image of the city:a reciprocal definition of spatial elements and spatial syntaxes , 2003 .

[4]  Jan M. Wiener,et al.  From Space Syntax to Space Semantics: A Behaviorally and Perceptually Oriented Methodology for the Efficient Description of the Geometry and Topology of Environments , 2008 .

[5]  Michael Batty,et al.  Exploring Isovist Fields: Space and Shape in Architectural and Urban Morphology , 2001 .

[6]  Daniel G. Aliaga,et al.  Inverse design of urban procedural models , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[7]  Zhihan Lv,et al.  Assessing Essential Qualities of Urban Space with Emotional and Visual Data Based on GIS Technique , 2016, ISPRS Int. J. Geo Inf..

[8]  Jorge Gil,et al.  On the discovery of urban typologies: data mining the many dimensions of urban form , 2011, Urban Morphology.

[9]  Xizhe Peng,et al.  China’s Demographic History and Future Challenges , 2011, Science.

[10]  D. Sohn,et al.  An analysis of the relationship between land use density of office buildings and urban street configuration: Case studies of two areas in Seoul by space syntax analysis , 2002 .

[11]  Daniel G. Aliaga,et al.  Interactive example-based urban layout synthesis , 2008, SIGGRAPH 2008.

[12]  Michael Batty,et al.  The Automatic Definition and Generation of Axial Lines and Axial Maps , 2004 .

[13]  Michael Batty,et al.  Agents, Cells, and Cities: New Representational Models for Simulating Multiscale Urban Dynamics , 2005 .

[14]  Syed Hassan Ahmed,et al.  Named-Data-Networking-Based ITS for Smart Cities , 2017, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[15]  C. Harrison,et al.  A Theory of Smart Cities , 2011 .

[16]  Cem Yuksel,et al.  Dual scattering approximation for fast multiple scattering in hair , 2008, SIGGRAPH 2008.

[17]  Nguyen Xuan Thinh,et al.  Evaluation of urban land-use structures with a view to sustainable development , 2002 .

[18]  Ian H. Witten,et al.  Data mining: practical machine learning tools and techniques, 3rd Edition , 1999 .

[19]  X. Bai,et al.  Society: Realizing China's urban dream , 2014, Nature.

[20]  H. Proshansky,et al.  Place-identity: Physical world socialization of the self , 1983 .

[21]  Theresa A. Pardo,et al.  Smart city as urban innovation: focusing on management, policy, and context , 2011, ICEGOV '11.

[22]  Susan L Handy,et al.  Measuring the Unmeasurable: Urban Design Qualities Related to Walkability , 2009 .

[23]  Jeremy Whitehand,et al.  Fringe Belts and the Recycling of Urban Land: An Academic Concept and Planning Practice , 2003 .

[24]  Carlo Ratti,et al.  Raster Analysis of Urban Form , 2004 .

[25]  Syed Hassan Ahmed,et al.  Can Sensors Collect Big Data? An Energy-Efficient Big Data Gathering Algorithm for a WSN , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[26]  Yuanman Hu,et al.  A Century of the Evolution of the Urban Area in Shenyang, China , 2014, PloS one.

[27]  Daniel G. Aliaga,et al.  Interactive example-based urban layout synthesis , 2008, ACM Trans. Graph..

[28]  Tan Kamil Gurer.  A Theory for Sustainability of Townscape: Typomorphology , 2012 .

[29]  Anna Corinna Cagliano,et al.  Current trends in Smart City initiatives: some stylised facts , 2014 .

[30]  M. Llobera,et al.  Extending GIS-based visual analysis: the concept of visualscapes , 2003, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[31]  Perver K. Baran,et al.  Space Syntax and Walking in a New Urbanist and Suburban Neighbourhoods , 2008 .

[32]  อนิรุธ สืบสิงห์,et al.  Data Mining Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques , 2014 .

[33]  Michael Batty,et al.  Cellular Automata and Urban Form: A Primer , 1997 .