‘Post-mission Exercise (Reconditioning)’ Topical Team final report : Recommendations for future post-mission neuro-musculoskeletal reconditioning research and practice

[1]  Dieter Felsenberg,et al.  Expression and regulation of Homer in human skeletal muscle during neuromuscular junction adaptation to disuse and exercise , 2011, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[2]  Baziel G M van Engelen,et al.  Postural instability in Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A patients is strongly associated with reduced somatosensation. , 2010, Gait & posture.

[3]  A LeBlanc,et al.  Regional muscle loss after short duration spaceflight. , 1995, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[4]  P A Tesch,et al.  Effects of spaceflight on muscle. , 1998, Journal of gravitational physiology : a journal of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology.

[5]  S. Rajulu,et al.  The Effects of Microgravity on Seated Height (Spinal Elongation) , 2011 .

[6]  C. G. Blomqvist,et al.  Maximal exercise performance after adaptation to microgravity. , 1996, Journal of applied physiology.

[7]  David M Williams.  Exercise, affect, and adherence: an integrated model and a case for self-paced exercise. , 2008, Journal of sport & exercise psychology.

[8]  Daniel F. Gucciardi,et al.  Implicit theories of mental toughness: Relations with cognitive, motivational and behavioral correlates , 2015 .

[9]  Eric L Kerstman,et al.  Space adaptation back pain: a retrospective study. , 2012, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[10]  Jacob J. Bloomberg,et al.  Spaceflight-induced cardiovascular changes and recovery during NASA's Functional Task Test , 2013 .

[11]  D A Riley,et al.  Effect of a 17 day spaceflight on contractile properties of human soleus muscle fibres , 1999, The Journal of physiology.

[12]  Anthony Delitto,et al.  Embedding Psychosocial Perspectives Within Clinical Management of Low Back Pain: Integration of Psychosocially Informed Management Principles Into Physical Therapist Practice—Challenges and Opportunities , 2011, Physical Therapy.

[13]  F Eckstein,et al.  In vivo precision of quantitative shoulder cartilage measurements, and changes after spinal cord injury , 2004, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[14]  M. Guilliams,et al.  Sensorimotor reconditioning during and after spaceflight. , 2011, NeuroRehabilitation.

[15]  J B Charles,et al.  Cardiovascular deconditioning during space flight and the use of saline as a countermeasure to orthostatic intolerance. , 1985, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[16]  M F Reschke,et al.  Recovery of Postural Equilibrium Control following Spaceflight a , 1992, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[17]  Muhammad Imran Yousuf,et al.  Using Experts` Opinions Through Delphi Technique , 2007 .

[18]  P. Cerretelli,et al.  Vibration mechanosignals superimposed to resistive exercise result in baseline skeletal muscle transcriptome profiles following chronic disuse in bed rest , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[19]  T. Hewett,et al.  Deficits in Neuromuscular Control of the Trunk Predict Knee Injury Risk , 2007, The American journal of sports medicine.

[20]  Peter R Cavanagh,et al.  An ambulatory biomechanical data collection system for use in space: design and validation. , 2009, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[21]  S. Gandevia,et al.  A comparison of central aspects of fatigue in submaximal and maximal voluntary contractions. , 2008, Journal of applied physiology.

[22]  L. Nyberg,et al.  Learning by doing versus learning by thinking: An fMRI study of motor and mental training , 2006, Neuropsychologia.

[23]  J. Hides,et al.  Effect of motor control training on hip muscles in elite football players with and without low back pain. , 2016, Journal of science and medicine in sport.

[24]  Marco Schieppati,et al.  Balance rehabilitation by moving platform and exercises in patients with neuropathy or vestibular deficit. , 2010, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[25]  D. Carter,et al.  Computational simulation of spontaneous bone straightening in growing children , 2010, Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology.

[26]  Vincent J Caiozzo,et al.  Skeletal muscle unweighting: spaceflight and ground-based models. , 2003, Journal of applied physiology.

[27]  Christina Routsi,et al.  Electrical Muscle Stimulation Prevents Critical Illness Polyneuromyopathy. A Randomized Intervention Trial , 2010, ATS 2010.

[28]  Maggie Donovan-Hall,et al.  An exploration of athletes' views on their adherence to physiotherapy rehabilitation after sport injury. , 2012, Journal of sport rehabilitation.

[29]  Gabriele Armbrecht,et al.  Muscle Atrophy and Changes in Spinal Morphology: Is the Lumbar Spine Vulnerable After Prolonged Bed-Rest? , 2011, Spine.

[30]  Stefano Nava,et al.  Physiotherapy for adult patients with critical illness: recommendations of the European Respiratory Society and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Task Force on Physiotherapy for Critically Ill Patients , 2008, Intensive Care Medicine.

[31]  Peter Norsk,et al.  Fluid shifts, vasodilatation and ambulatory blood pressure reduction during long duration spaceflight , 2015, The Journal of physiology.

[32]  Chris Lonsdale,et al.  Measurement tools for adherence to non-pharmacologic self-management treatment for chronic musculoskeletal conditions: a systematic review. , 2015, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[33]  J. Rainville,et al.  Long-term exercise adherence after intensive rehabilitation for chronic low back pain. , 2000, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[34]  Constantinos N Maganaris,et al.  Persisting side‐to‐side differences in bone mineral content, but not in muscle strength and tendon stiffness after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction , 2011, Clinical physiology and functional imaging.

[35]  J. L. Whittaker,et al.  Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging: understanding the technology and its applications. , 2007, The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy.

[36]  J. Kirk-Bayley,et al.  Functional Disability 5 Years after Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome , 2011 .

[37]  Filip Staes,et al.  Does Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Strengthen the Quadriceps Femoris? , 2005, Sports medicine.

[38]  John Weinman,et al.  Managing time: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of patients' and physiotherapists' perceptions of adherence to therapeutic exercise for low back pain , 2005, Disability and rehabilitation.

[39]  R Burgkart,et al.  Effects of joint unloading and reloading on human cartilage morphology and function, muscle cross-sectional areas, and bone density - a quantitative case report. , 2006, Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions.

[40]  Azadeh Shadmehr,et al.  Short-term effects of the whole-body vibration on the balance and muscle strength of type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy: a quasi-randomized-controlled trial study , 2015, Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.

[41]  G. Vanderstraeten,et al.  CT imaging of trunk muscles in chronic low back pain patients and healthy control subjects , 2000, European Spine Journal.

[42]  Nick Caplan,et al.  Phasic-to-tonic shift in trunk muscle activity relative to walking during low-impact weight bearing exercise , 2014 .

[43]  Andrew R Levy,et al.  Adherence to Sport Injury Rehabilitation Programmes: A Conceptual Review , 2006, Research in sports medicine.

[44]  Mark E. Guilliams,et al.  Rehabilitation After International Space Station Flights , 2003 .

[45]  Matthew R Allen,et al.  Partial weight bearing does not prevent musculoskeletal losses associated with disuse. , 2013, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[46]  Dieter Blottner,et al.  The NeuroMuscular System: From Earth to Space Life Science , 2015, SpringerBriefs in Space Life Sciences.

[47]  Stuart McGill,et al.  Movement quality and links to measures of fitness in firefighters. , 2013, Work.

[48]  Jean Massion,et al.  Postural Control Systems in Developmental Perspective , 1998, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

[49]  E. Deci,et al.  Self-Determination Theory Applied to Health Contexts , 2012, Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.

[50]  Laurence Vico,et al.  Effects of long-term microgravity exposure on cancellous and cortical weight-bearing bones of cosmonauts , 2000, The Lancet.

[51]  Elizabeth J. Anderson,et al.  Balance Interventions for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review , 2011, Journal of geriatric physical therapy.

[52]  F. Cicuttini,et al.  Higher dynamic medial knee load predicts greater cartilage loss over 12 months in medial knee osteoarthritis , 2011, Annals of the rheumatic diseases.

[53]  Clarice Tanaka,et al.  Very Early Passive Cycling Exercise in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients: Physiological and Safety Aspects - A Case Series , 2013, PloS one.

[54]  Brian T. Peters,et al.  Enhancing astronaut performance using sensorimotor adaptability training , 2015, Front. Syst. Neurosci..

[55]  M. Arvinen-Barrow,et al.  Psychosocial aspects of athletic injuries as perceived by athletic trainers. , 2013, Journal of athletic training.

[56]  R. Fitts,et al.  Prolonged space flight‐induced alterations in the structure and function of human skeletal muscle fibres , 2010, The Journal of physiology.

[57]  Robert Grant,et al.  A pilot study of proximal strength training in Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease , 2014, Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS.

[58]  Albert J. Petitpas,et al.  Psychological factors, rehabilitation adherence, and rehabilitation outcome after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. , 2000 .

[59]  Ajitkumar P. Mulavara,et al.  Locomotor function after long-duration space flight: effects and motor learning during recovery , 2010, Experimental Brain Research.

[60]  Brian T. Peters,et al.  RISK OF SENSORY-MOTOR PERFORMANCE FAILURES AFFECTING VEHICLE CONTROL DURING SPACE MISSIONS: A REVIEW OF THE EVIDENCE , 2008 .

[61]  V. Galea,et al.  ISSLS Prize Winner: Smudging the Motor Brain in Young Adults With Recurrent Low Back Pain , 2012 .

[62]  Jacob J Bloomberg,et al.  Strategies of healthy adults walking on a laterally oscillating treadmill. , 2013, Gait & posture.

[63]  Anna Jaskólska,et al.  Myometry revealed medication-induced decrease in resting skeletal muscle stiffness in Parkinson's disease patients. , 2012, Clinical biomechanics.

[64]  Paul W. Hodges,et al.  Individual fascicles of the paraspinal muscles are activated by discrete cortical networks in humans , 2011, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[65]  Matthias Egger,et al.  Inpatient rehabilitation specifically designed for geriatric patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials , 2010, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[66]  Hiroshi Ohshima,et al.  Muscle atrophy and bone loss after 90 days' bed rest and the effects of flywheel resistive exercise and pamidronate: results from the LTBR study. , 2005, Bone.

[67]  L. Podlog,et al.  Certified athletic trainers' perspectives on rehabilitation adherence in collegiate athletic training settings. , 2014, Journal of sport rehabilitation.

[68]  Ajitkumar P. Mulavara,et al.  Risk of Impaired Control of Spacecraft/Associated Systems and Decreased Mobility Due to Vestibular/Sensorimotor Alterations Associated with Space flight , 2015 .

[69]  P Arbeille,et al.  Cardiovascular regulation during long-duration spaceflights to the International Space Station. , 2012, Journal of applied physiology.

[70]  David M Williams,et al.  A review of the outcome expectancy construct in physical activity research , 2005, Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine.

[71]  Ailsa Niven.  Rehabilitation adherence in sport injury: sport physiotherapists' perceptions. , 2007, Journal of sport rehabilitation.

[72]  Jean D Sibonga,et al.  Evaluating Bone Loss in ISS Astronauts. , 2015, Aerospace medicine and human performance.

[73]  Bill Vicenzino,et al.  Long-term effects of sport: preventing and managing OA in the athlete , 2012, Nature Reviews Rheumatology.

[74]  C. Fracchia,et al.  Peripheral Muscle Strength Training in Bed‐Bound Patients with COPD Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: Effect of Electrical Stimulation. , 2003, Chest.

[75]  Alan R Hargens,et al.  Pathophysiology of low back pain during exposure to microgravity. , 2008, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[76]  P. Denise,et al.  The Vestibular System: A Newly Identified Regulator of Bone Homeostasis Acting Through the Sympathetic Nervous System , 2015, Current Osteoporosis Reports.

[77]  Andrew Wilson.  Topical teams in the life & physical sciences : towards new research applications in space , 2005 .

[78]  Jack W. Stuster,et al.  Space Station Habitability Recommendations Based on a Systematic Comparative Analysis of Analogous Conditions , 1986 .

[79]  Jiri Dvorak,et al.  Compliance with a comprehensive warm-up programme to prevent injuries in youth football , 2010, British Journal of Sports Medicine.

[80]  Pierre Denise,et al.  Labyrinthectomy decreases bone mineral density in the femoral metaphysis in rats. , 2004, Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation.

[81]  Jing Z. Liu,et al.  From mental power to muscle power—gaining strength by using the mind , 2004, Neuropsychologia.

[82]  U Carraro,et al.  Morphometric and neurophysiological analysis of skeletal muscle in paraplegic patients with traumatic cord lesion , 1991, Paraplegia.

[83]  Bruce H Jones,et al.  Consortium for health and military performance and American College of Sports Medicine Summit: utility of functional movement assessment in identifying musculoskeletal injury risk. , 2014, Current sports medicine reports.

[84]  Stuart M. C. Lee,et al.  Isokinetic Strength Changes Following Long-Duration Spaceflight on the ISS. , 2015, Aerospace medicine and human performance.

[85]  J Mester,et al.  Vibration training intervention to maintain cartilage thickness and serum concentrations of cartilage oligometric matrix protein (COMP) during immobilization. , 2009, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[86]  Sheldon Hanton,et al.  Stressors experienced by injured athletes , 2012, Journal of sports sciences.

[87]  David W. Murray,et al.  Meaningful changes for the Oxford hip and knee scores after joint replacement surgery , 2015, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[88]  B.G.M. van Engelen,et al.  Experienced and physiological fatigue in neuromuscular disorders , 2007, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[89]  Stefan Judex,et al.  Disc herniations in astronauts: What causes them, and what does it tell us about herniation on earth? , 2015, European Spine Journal.

[90]  J. Brady,et al.  Behavioral health: the propaedeutic requirement. , 2005, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[91]  F Eckstein,et al.  Cartilage atrophy in the knees of patients after seven weeks of partial load bearing. , 2004, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[92]  Gilles Clément,et al.  Fundamentals of Space Medicine , 2005 .

[93]  Martin Warner,et al.  Movement Patterns during a Small Knee Bend Test in Academy Footballers with Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) , 2014 .

[94]  M. Narici,et al.  From space to Earth: advances in human physiology from 20 years of bed rest studies (1986–2006) , 2007, European Journal of Applied Physiology.

[95]  Ajitkumar P. Mulavara,et al.  NASA's Functional Task Test: Providing Information for an Integrated Countermeasure System , 2015 .

[96]  Scott E. Parazynski,et al.  Back pain in space and post-flight spine injury: Mechanisms and countermeasure development , 2013 .

[97]  William H Paloski,et al.  Posturography and locomotor tests of dynamic balance after long-duration spaceflight. , 2012, Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation.

[98]  V A Convertino,et al.  Exercise countermeasures for spaceflight. , 1995, Acta astronautica.

[99]  O G Gazenko,et al.  Medical results of Salyut-6 manned space flights. , 1983, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[100]  G. Brüggemann,et al.  On the relationship between tibia torsional deformation and regional muscle contractions in habitual human exercises in vivo. , 2015, Journal of biomechanics.

[101]  Danny A Riley,et al.  Exercise in space: human skeletal muscle after 6 months aboard the International Space Station. , 2009, Journal of applied physiology.

[102]  L. Dahlberg,et al.  Long-term effect of removal of knee joint loading on cartilage quality evaluated by delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage. , 2014, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[103]  D. Pascoe,et al.  Clothing and Exercise , 1994, Sports medicine.

[104]  A. Hunter,et al.  The effectiveness of two novel techniques in establishing the mechanical and contractile responses of biceps femoris , 2011, Physiological measurement.

[105]  Steven H. Platts,et al.  Cardiovascular exercise in the U.S. space program: Past, present and future , 2010 .

[106]  Jacob J Bloomberg,et al.  Changes in walking strategies after spaceflight. , 2003, IEEE engineering in medicine and biology magazine : the quarterly magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society.

[107]  Stefan Schneider,et al.  Feasibility of monitoring muscle health in microgravity environments using Myoton technology , 2014, Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing.

[108]  Sarah E Lamb,et al.  A systematic review of patient-reported outcome measures used to assess Achilles tendon rupture management: What's being used and should we be using it? , 2011, British Journal of Sports Medicine.

[109]  Gabriele Armbrecht,et al.  Incomplete Recovery of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs 2 Years After 60-Day Bed Rest , 2012, Spine.

[110]  C. G. Blomqvist,et al.  Central venous pressure in space. , 1996, The New England journal of medicine.

[111]  H. Genant,et al.  Cortical and Trabecular Bone Mineral Loss From the Spine and Hip in Long‐Duration Spaceflight , 2004, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[112]  G. R. Leon,et al.  PSYCHOLOGY AND CULTURE DURING LONG DURATION SPACE MISSIONS , 2007 .

[113]  W Ben Kibler,et al.  The Role of Core Stability in Athletic Function , 2006, Sports medicine.

[114]  Jennifer L Keating,et al.  People with non-specific chronic low back pain who have participated in exercise programs have preferences about exercise: a qualitative study. , 2009, The Australian journal of physiotherapy.

[115]  M. Maly.  Abnormal and cumulative loading in knee osteoarthritis. , 2008, Current opinion in rheumatology.

[116]  C. Bard,et al.  Contribution of proprioception for calibrating and updating the motor space. , 1995, Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology.

[117]  Stephen Ashford,et al.  SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES FOR FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE IN THE LOWER LIMB , 2015 .

[118]  Stéphane Besnard,et al.  Increased myofiber remodelling and NFATc1-myonuclear translocation in rat postural skeletal muscle after experimental vestibular deafferentation. , 2013, Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation.

[119]  Larry A Kramer,et al.  Optic disc edema, globe flattening, choroidal folds, and hyperopic shifts observed in astronauts after long-duration space flight. , 2011, Ophthalmology.

[120]  Dale M. Needham,et al.  Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in mechanically ventilated patients: a randomized, sham-controlled pilot trial with blinded outcome assessment. , 2015, Journal of critical care.

[121]  Baziel G M van Engelen,et al.  The development of a model of fatigue in neuromuscular disorders: a longitudinal study. , 2007, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[122]  Christina Routsi,et al.  Electrical muscle stimulation preserves the muscle mass of critically ill patients: a randomized study , 2009, Critical care.

[123]  T. Lang,et al.  Adaptation of the Proximal Femur to Skeletal Reloading After Long‐Duration Spaceflight , 2006, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[124]  Christopher F Flynn,et al.  An operational approach to long-duration mission behavioral health and performance factors. , 2005, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[125]  Richard J Hawkins,et al.  Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Lysholm knee scale for various chondral disorders of the knee. , 2004, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[126]  Dieter Felsenberg,et al.  Disuse deterioration of human skeletal muscle challenged by resistive exercise superimposed with vibration: evidence from structural and proteomic analysis , 2014, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[127]  Julie Hides,et al.  Muscle imbalance among elite Australian rules football players: a longitudinal study of changes in trunk muscle size. , 2012, Journal of athletic training.

[128]  C. Richardson,et al.  MRI study of the size, symmetry and function of the trunk muscles among elite cricketers with and without low back pain , 2007, British Journal of Sports Medicine.

[129]  Stefan Schneider,et al.  Progressive Adaptation in Physical Activity and Neuromuscular Performance during 520d Confinement , 2013, PloS one.

[130]  Scott M Smith,et al.  Men and Women in Space: Bone Loss and Kidney Stone Risk After Long‐Duration Spaceflight , 2014, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[131]  A E Minetti,et al.  The biomechanics of skipping gaits: a third locomotion paradigm? , 1998, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

[132]  A LeBlanc,et al.  Bone mineral and lean tissue loss after long duration space flight. , 2000, Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions.

[133]  A. Bauman,et al.  Toward a better understanding of the influences on physical activity: the role of determinants, correlates, causal variables, mediators, moderators, and confounders. , 2002, American journal of preventive medicine.

[134]  Rik Gosselink,et al.  Physiotherapy in the intensive care unit: an evidence-based, expert driven, practical statement and rehabilitation recommendations , 2015, Clinical rehabilitation.

[135]  F Eckstein,et al.  Longitudinal analysis of cartilage atrophy in the knees of patients with spinal cord injury. , 2003, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[136]  R. Malina,et al.  Factors Affecting Levels of Physical Activity in Adults , 2002, Sports medicine.

[137]  A. M. Strauss,et al.  Bone loss and human adaptation to lunar gravity , 1992 .

[138]  Caroline B Terwee,et al.  What makes a measurement instrument valid and reliable? , 2011, Injury.

[139]  P. Neufer,et al.  The Effect of Detraining and Reduced Training on the Physiological Adaptations to Aerobic Exercise Training , 1989, Sports medicine.

[140]  Scott M Smith,et al.  Benefits for bone from resistance exercise and nutrition in long‐duration spaceflight: Evidence from biochemistry and densitometry , 2012, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[141]  Lawrence A Palinkas,et al.  Models of research-operational collaboration for behavioral health in space. , 2005, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[142]  Alan H Feiveson,et al.  Peak exercise oxygen uptake during and following long-duration spaceflight. , 2014, Journal of applied physiology.

[143]  Phillip J Plisky,et al.  Can Serious Injury in Professional Football be Predicted by a Preseason Functional Movement Screen? , 2007, North American journal of sports physical therapy : NAJSPT.

[144]  J Richard Coast,et al.  Oxygen consumption of elite distance runners on an anti-gravity treadmill®. , 2015, Journal of sports science & medicine.

[145]  J J Bloomberg,et al.  Locomotor head-trunk coordination strategies following space flight. , 1997, Journal of Vestibular Research-Equilibrium & Orientation.

[146]  Philippe Thoumie,et al.  Balance training in ataxic neuropathies. Effects on balance and gait parameters. , 2013, Gait & posture.

[147]  A.-K. Rausch Osthoff,et al.  Addition of Motivational Interventions to Exercise and Traditional Physiotherapy: A Review and Meta-Analysis , 2015 .

[148]  Nicola Cacciani,et al.  Mechanisms underlying ICU muscle wasting and effects of passive mechanical loading , 2012, Critical Care.

[149]  F. Lacquaniti,et al.  Control of foot trajectory in human locomotion: role of ground contact forces in simulated reduced gravity. , 2002, Journal of neurophysiology.

[150]  Jacob J Bloomberg,et al.  Changes in toe clearance during treadmill walking after long-duration spaceflight. , 2010, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[151]  Age and Ageing Advance Access.  Is physical rehabilitation for older people in long-term care effective? Findings from a systematic review , 2010 .

[152]  A. Leblanc,et al.  Can the adult skeleton recover lost bone? , 1991, Experimental Gerontology.

[153]  Sarah Mottram,et al.  A new perspective on risk assessment. , 2008, Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine.

[154]  T. B. Üstün,et al.  The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: a new tool for understanding disability and health , 2003, Disability and rehabilitation.

[155]  J. Cholewicki,et al.  Muscle Response Pattern to Sudden Trunk Loading in Healthy Individuals and in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain , 2000, Spine.

[156]  J. Bloomberg,et al.  Neuromuscular activation patterns during treadmill walking after space flight , 2006, Experimental Brain Research.

[157]  J Drukker,et al.  Strength training in patients with myotonic dystrophy and hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy: a randomized clinical trial. , 1995, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[158]  Jacob J. Bloomberg,et al.  Influence of muscle strength to weight ratio on functional task performance , 2012, European Journal of Applied Physiology.

[159]  V S Oganov,et al.  Recovery of spaceflight-induced bone loss: bone mineral density after long-duration missions as fitted with an exponential function. , 2007, Bone.

[160]  D Felsenberg,et al.  Recovery of muscle atrophy and bone loss from 90 days bed rest: results from a one-year follow-up. , 2009, Bone.

[161]  A. Haig,et al.  A meta-analytic review of surface electromyography among persons with low back pain and normal, healthy controls. , 2005, The journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain Society.

[162]  Marc Shepanek,et al.  Human behavioral research in space: quandaries for research subjects and researchers. , 2005, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[163]  Maria Burton,et al.  Interventions for enhancing adherence with physiotherapy: a systematic review. , 2010, Manual therapy.

[164]  Jason R. Bentley,et al.  Test Battery Designed to Quickly and Safely Assess Diverse Indices of Neuromuscular Function After Unweighting , 2011, Journal of strength and conditioning research.

[165]  G. Van den Berghe,et al.  Interventions for preventing critical illness polyneuropathy and critical illness myopathy. , 2009, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[166]  Peter R Cavanagh,et al.  Muscle volume, strength, endurance, and exercise loads during 6-month missions in space. , 2010, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[167]  Volker Damann,et al.  The effects of rehabilitation on the muscles of the trunk following prolonged bed rest , 2011, European Spine Journal.

[168]  P R Cavanagh,et al.  Foot forces during exercise on the International Space Station. , 2010, Journal of biomechanics.

[169]  Linda Denehy,et al.  Functional electrical stimulation with cycling in the critically ill: a pilot case-matched control study. , 2014, Journal of critical care.

[170]  Seungbum Koo,et al.  A Framework for the in Vivo Pathomechanics of Osteoarthritis at the Knee , 2004, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

[171]  Marybeth Brown,et al.  Daniels and Worthingham's Muscle Testing : Techniques of Manual Examination and Performance Testing , 2013 .

[172]  C. Terwee,et al.  The COSMIN study reached international consensus on taxonomy, terminology, and definitions of measurement properties for health-related patient-reported outcomes. , 2010, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[173]  Noura Azzabou,et al.  NMR imaging estimates of muscle volume and intramuscular fat infiltration in the thigh: variations with muscle, gender, and age , 2015, AGE.

[174]  Rahul Phadke,et al.  Acute skeletal muscle wasting in critical illness. , 2013, JAMA.

[175]  David J Beard,et al.  Extending the use of PROMs in the NHS—using the Oxford Knee Score in patients undergoing non-operative management for knee osteoarthritis: a validation study , 2013, BMJ Open.

[176]  K. Nehal,et al.  A systematic review of patient-reported outcome instruments of nonmelanoma skin cancer in the dermatologic population. , 2013, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[177]  Dieter Felsenberg,et al.  Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Trunk Muscles During Prolonged Bed Rest , 2007, Spine.

[178]  C Collet,et al.  Muscular responses during motor imagery as a function of muscle contraction types. , 2007, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[179]  William H Paloski,et al.  Posture, locomotion, spatial orientation, and motion sickness as a function of space flight , 1998, Brain Research Reviews.

[180]  J. Hides,et al.  Changes in multifidus and abdominal muscle size in response to microgravity: possible implications for low back pain research , 2016, European Spine Journal.

[181]  Deepak Kumar,et al.  EMG‐driven modeling approach to muscle force and joint load estimations: Case study in knee osteoarthritis , 2012, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[182]  P. M. Wilson,et al.  Understanding motivation for exercise: A self-determination theory perspective. , 2008 .

[183]  Laurence R. Harris,et al.  How Much Gravity Is Needed to Establish the Perceptual Upright? , 2014, PloS one.

[184]  M. Narici,et al.  Microgravity as a model of ageing , 2003, Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.

[185]  Thierry Troosters,et al.  Early exercise in critically ill patients enhances short-term functional recovery* , 2009, Critical care medicine.

[186]  Toshiaki Ueno,et al.  Exercise within lower body negative pressure partially counteracts lumbar spine deconditioning associated with 28-day bed rest. , 2005, Journal of applied physiology.

[187]  Oliver Angerer,et al.  Standardization of bed rest studies in the spaceflight context. , 2016, Journal of applied physiology.

[188]  Roger Adams,et al.  Patient-centred communication is associated with positive therapeutic alliance: a systematic review. , 2012, Journal of physiotherapy.

[189]  R. Ploutz-Snyder,et al.  Bisphosphonates as a supplement to exercise to protect bone during long-duration spaceflight , 2013, Osteoporosis International.

[190]  J. O'Connor,et al.  A constraint-based approach to modelling the mobility of the human knee joint. , 2003, Journal of biomechanics.

[191]  R. Griffiths,et al.  Effect of passive stretching on the wasting of muscle in the critically ill. , 1996, Nutrition.

[192]  S. K. Wurtele,et al.  Relative contributions of protection motivation theory components in predicting exercise intentions and behavior. , 1987, Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association.

[193]  P. Bergmann,et al.  Longitudinal study of the bone mineral content and of soft tissue composition after spinal cord section , 1995, Paraplegia.

[194]  Melinda Frey,et al.  The Other Side of Adherence: Injured Athletes Who Are Too Motivated , 2008 .

[195]  Mark R Campbell,et al.  Risk of herniated nucleus pulposus among U.S. astronauts. , 2010, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[196]  Kirsten Jack,et al.  Barriers to treatment adherence in physiotherapy outpatient clinics: A systematic review , 2010, Manual therapy.

[197]  Stuart M C Lee,et al.  Orthostatic Intolerance After ISS and Space Shuttle Missions. , 2015, Aerospace medicine and human performance.

[198]  M. Stokes,et al.  Evidence of lumbar multifidus muscle wasting ipsilateral to symptoms in patients with acute/subacute low back pain. , 1994, Spine.

[199]  M. V. Narici,et al.  Changes in force, cross-sectional area and neural activation during strength training and detraining of the human quadriceps , 2006, European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology.

[200]  D. Newman,et al.  Altered astronaut lower limb and mass center kinematics in downward jumping following space flight , 1997, Experimental Brain Research.

[201]  Eric J Hegedus,et al.  Clinician-friendly lower extremity physical performance measures in athletes: a systematic review of measurement properties and correlation with injury, part 1. The tests for knee function including the hop tests , 2014, British Journal of Sports Medicine.

[202]  Christina Routsi,et al.  Short-term systemic effect of electrical muscle stimulation in critically ill patients. , 2009, Chest.

[203]  P C Wing,et al.  Back pain and spinal changes in microgravity. , 1991, The Orthopedic clinics of North America.

[204]  T. Martin,et al.  Protein and collagen content of rat skeletal muscle following space flight , 1988, Cell and Tissue Research.

[205]  Charles S Layne,et al.  Neuromuscular responses to mechanical foot stimulation: the influence of loading and postural context. , 2008, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[206]  J. Wells,et al.  Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not? , 2012, The Lancet.

[207]  R. Fitts,et al.  Physiology of a microgravity environment invited review: microgravity and skeletal muscle. , 2000, Journal of applied physiology.

[208]  R E Wendt,et al.  Changes in Intervertebral Disc Cross‐Sectional Area With Bed Rest and Space Flight , 1994, Spine.

[209]  R. Song,et al.  Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on glucose control, neuropathy scores, balance, and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes and neuropathy. , 2012, Journal of alternative and complementary medicine.

[210]  William G. Rodkey,et al.  The Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of the Lysholm Score and Tegner Activity Scale for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries of the Knee , 2009, The American journal of sports medicine.

[211]  G. Myklebust,et al.  A nine‐test screening battery for athletes: a reliability study , 2012, Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports.

[212]  Gilles Clément,et al.  Distance and Size Perception in Astronauts during Long-Duration Spaceflight , 2013, Life.

[213]  A E Aubert,et al.  Operational point of neural cardiovascular regulation in humans up to 6 months in space. , 2010, Journal of applied physiology.

[214]  Keith Winwood,et al.  Bone loss from the human distal tibia epiphysis during 24 days of unilateral lower limb suspension , 2006, The Journal of physiology.

[215]  Michael J Grey,et al.  Lack of on-going adaptations in the soleus muscle activity during walking in patients affected by large-fiber neuropathy. , 2005, Journal of neurophysiology.

[216]  T. Yousry,et al.  MRI biomarker assessment of neuromuscular disease progression: a prospective observational cohort study , 2016, The Lancet Neurology.

[217]  J. Kanis,et al.  DIAGNOSIS OF OSTEOPOROSIS , 2016 .

[218]  Scott E. Parazynski,et al.  Microgravity-induced back pain and intervertebral disc herniation: International space station results , 2015 .

[219]  David W. Taggart,et al.  No surgical innovation without evaluation: the IDEAL recommendations , 2009, The Lancet.

[220]  Li-ling Chuang,et al.  Quantitative Mechanical Properties of the Relaxed Biceps and Triceps Brachii Muscles in Patients with Subacute Stroke: A Reliability Study of the Myoton-3 Myometer , 2012, Stroke research and treatment.

[221]  C. Ray,et al.  Interaction between vestibulosympathetic and skeletal muscle reflexes on sympathetic activity in humans. , 2001, Journal of applied physiology.

[222]  Eric J Hegedus,et al.  Clinician-friendly lower extremity physical performance tests in athletes: a systematic review of measurement properties and correlation with injury. Part 2—the tests for the hip, thigh, foot and ankle including the star excursion balance test , 2015, British Journal of Sports Medicine.

[223]  Alex Donaldson,et al.  Seven steps for developing and implementing a preventive training program: lessons learned from JUMP-ACL and beyond. , 2014, Clinics in sports medicine.

[224]  Robin A. Paynter.  Evidence‐based research in the applied social sciences , 2009 .

[225]  Martin Warner,et al.  Measurement of ageing effects on muscle tone and mechanical properties of rectus femoris and biceps brachii in healthy males and females using a novel hand-held myometric device. , 2016, Archives of gerontology and geriatrics.

[226]  Douglas G Altman,et al.  IDEAL framework for surgical innovation 1: the idea and development stages , 2013, BMJ.

[227]  Aziz Sheikh,et al.  Systematic literature review and evaluation of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) for asthma and related allergic diseases. , 2012, Primary care respiratory journal : journal of the General Practice Airways Group.

[228]  Gita M Ramdharry,et al.  Rehabilitation in practice: Management of lower motor neuron weakness , 2010, Clinical rehabilitation.

[229]  Albert A Harrison.  Behavioral health: integrating research and application in support of exploration missions. , 2005, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.