Membrane potential and spike train statistics depend distinctly on input statistics.

A description of how the activity of a population of neurons reflects the structure of its inputs is essential for understanding neural coding. Many studies have examined how inputs determine spiking statistics, while comparatively little is known about membrane potentials. We examine how membrane potential statistics are related to input and spiking statistics. Surprisingly, firing rates and membrane potentials are sensitive to input current modulations in distinct regimes. Additionally, the correlation between the membrane potentials of two uncoupled cells and the correlation between their spike trains reflect input correlations in distinct regimes. Our predictions are experimentally testable, provide insight into the filtering properties of neurons, and indicate that care needs to be taken when interpreting neuronal recordings that reflect a combination of subthreshold and spiking activity.

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