Feature handling in learning algorithms

TLU (Threshold Logic Unit) representation and training provides a simplified formal model of neuron-like computation. Based on this abstract model, various formal properties and acceleration techniques are considered, the results of which appear relevant to observed biological phenomina.

[1]  J. M. Dunn,et al.  Modern Uses of Multiple-Valued Logic , 1977 .

[2]  M. Alexander,et al.  Principles of Neural Science , 1981 .

[3]  M. Gabriel,et al.  Mechanism and Generality of Stimulus Significance Coding in a Mammalian Model System , 1982 .

[4]  N. Mackintosh,et al.  Successful overshadowing and blocking in hippocampectomized rats , 1984, Behavioural Brain Research.

[5]  L. Squire.  The neuropsychology of human memory. , 1982, Annual review of neuroscience.

[6]  J. Pearce,et al.  The strength of the orienting response during Pavlovian conditioning. , 1984, Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes.

[7]  C. Sahley.  Behavior Theory and Invertebrate Learning , 1984 .

[8]  P. Solomon.  Role of the hippocampus in blocking and conditioned inhibition of the rabbit's nictitating membrane response. , 1977, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[9]  L. Cermak.  Human memory and amnesia , 1982 .

[10]  G. Lynch,et al.  Long‐term potentiation and depression of synaptic responses in the rat hippocampus: localization and frequency dependency. , 1978, The Journal of physiology.

[11]  William B. Levy,et al.  Synaptic modification, neuron selectivity, and nervous system organization , 1985 .

[12]  JOHN W. Moore,et al.  Goal tracking in attentional-associative networks: Spatial learning and the hippocampus , 1982 .

[13]  R. Douglas,et al.  The hippocampus and behavior. , 1967, Psychological bulletin.

[14]  P. Solomon,et al.  Latent inhibition and stimulus generalization of the classically conditioned nictitating membrane response in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) following dorsal hippocampal ablation. , 1975, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[15]  E. Kandel,et al.  Is there a cell-biological alphabet for simple forms of learning? , 1984 .

[16]  Geoffrey Hall,et al.  Differential effects of contextual change on latent inhibition and on the habituation of an orienting response , 1985 .

[17]  E. Kandel.  Cellular basis of behavior: An introduction to behavioral neurobiology. , 1976 .

[18]  P. Solomon.  Temporal versus spatial information processing theories of hippocampal function. , 1979, Psychological bulletin.

[19]  N. Mackintosh,et al.  Context specificity of conditioning, extinction, and latent inhibition. , 1984 .

[20]  J. Pearce,et al.  A model for Pavlovian learning: Variations in the effectiveness of conditioned but not of unconditioned stimuli. , 1980 .

[21]  B. Schwartz.  Psychology of Learning and Behavior , 1978 .

[22]  R. Rescorla.  Informational Variables in Pavlovian Conditioning , 1972 .

[23]  C. Woody,et al.  Neural Mechanisms of Conditioning , 2011, Springer US.

[24]  E. Adrian,et al.  The physical background of perception , 1947 .

[25]  Nuel D. Belnap,et al.  A Useful Four-Valued Logic , 1977 .

[26]  J. Taube,et al.  Mechanisms Underlying Long-Term Potentiation , 1986 .

[27]  W. K. Honig,et al.  Cognitive Processes in Animal Behavior , 1979 .

[28]  Richard O. Duda,et al.  Pattern classification and scene analysis , 1974, A Wiley-Interscience publication.

[29]  E. Archer,et al.  Concept identification of auditory stimuli as a function of amount of relevant and irrelevant information. , 1962, Journal of experimental psychology.

[30]  J. Pearce,et al.  Hippocampal Lesions Attenuate Latent Inhibition and the Decline of the Orienting Response in Rats , 1987, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology.

[31]  T. Abrams.  Cellular Studies of an Associative Mechanism for Classical Conditioning in Aplysia , 1985 .

[32]  H. Terrace,et al.  Autoshaping and Conditioning Theory , 1980 .

[33]  D. Medin,et al.  Linear separability in classification learning. , 1981 .

[34]  L. Nadel,et al.  Context and conditioning: A place for space , 1980 .

[35]  JOHN W. Moore,et al.  Real-time attentional models for classical conditioning and the hippocampus , 1985 .

[36]  E. H. Olst.  The orienting reflex , 1971 .

[37]  Jon Doyle.  A truth maintenance system , 1981 .

[38]  S. Coren,et al.  Attention : contemporary theory and analysis , 1972 .

[39]  U. Neisser,et al.  Hierarchies in concept attainment. , 1962, Journal of experimental psychology.

[40]  H. Terrace,et al.  The Biology of Learning , 1984, Dahlem Workshop Reports.

[41]  Geoffrey Hall,et al.  Contextual effects in latent inhibition with an appetitive conditioning procedure , 1983 .

[42]  Douglas L. Medin,et al.  Structural Principles in Categorization , 2019, Perception, Cognition, and Development.

[43]  Allen I. Selverston,et al.  Model Neural Networks and Behavior , 1985, Springer US.

[44]  L. Squire,et al.  The Neuropsychology of Memory , 1990 .

[45]  E. Rosch,et al.  Categorization of Natural Objects , 1981 .

[46]  J. Pearce,et al.  Predictive Accuracy and the Effects of Partial Reinforcement on Serial Autoshaping , 1985 .

[47]  N. Mackintosh,et al.  Conditioning And Associative Learning , 1983 .

[48]  E. Kandel.  Behavioral Biology Of Aplysia , 1979 .

[49]  J. E. Mazur,et al.  Learning and Behavior , 1966 .

[50]  L. E. Bourne.  Knowing and Using Concepts. , 1970 .

[51]  Geoffrey E. Hinton,et al.  Learning internal representations by error propagation , 1986 .

[52]  P. Andersen,et al.  Possible mechanisms for long‐lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices from guinea‐pigs. , 1980, The Journal of physiology.

[53]  P. Mercier,et al.  Extinction of the context and latent inhibition , 1982 .

[54]  L. Allan.  A note on measurement of contingency between two binary variables in judgment tasks , 1980 .

[55]  F. H. C. Crick,et al.  Certain aspects of the anatomy and physiology of the cerebral cortex , 1986 .

[56]  W. Seifert.  Neurobiology of the hippocampus , 1983 .

[57]  R. J. Herrnstein,et al.  Riddles of natural categorization , 1985 .

[58]  Philip J. Stone,et al.  Experiments in induction , 1966 .

[59]  Dexter Wr,et al.  Role of contextual discrimination in fear conditioning. , 1969 .

[60]  Stephen Walker.  An introduction to animal cognition By John M. Pearce. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum (1988). Pp. viii + 328. Price £8.95 paperback , 1989, Animal Behaviour.

[61]  Richard Lynn,et al.  Attention, arousal, and the orientation reaction , 1966 .

[62]  L. Kamin.  Predictability, surprise, attention, and conditioning , 1967 .

[63]  D. C. Anderson,et al.  Preconditioning CS exposure: Variation in place of conditioning and of presentation , 1969 .

[64]  T. H. Brown,et al.  Associative long-term potentiation in hippocampal slices. , 1983, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[65]  Edward H. Shortliffe,et al.  A model of inexact reasoning in medicine , 1990 .

[66]  T. J. Tighe,et al.  Habituation: Perspectives from child development, animal behavior, and neurophysiology , 1976 .

[67]  Douglas L Medin,et al.  Linear separability and concept learning: Context, relational properties, and concept naturalness , 1986, Cognitive Psychology.

[68]  Edward E. Smith,et al.  Categories and concepts , 1984 .

[69]  N. Mackintosh,et al.  Context Specificity of Conditioning and Latent Inhibition: Evidence for a Dissociation of Latent Inhibition and Associative Interference , 1987 .

[70]  Saburo Muroga,et al.  Threshold logic and its applications , 1971 .

[71]  T. Teyler,et al.  Long-term and short-term plasticity in the CA1, CA3, and dentate regions of the rat hippocampal slice , 1976, Brain Research.

[72]  Richard F. Thompson,et al.  Modeling the Neural Substrates of Associative Learning and Memory: A Computational Approach , 1987 .

[73]  M. Domjan.  The principles of learning and behavior , 1982 .

[74]  JOHN W. Moore,et al.  Erratum to: Formation of attentional-associative networks in real time: Role of the hippocampus and implications for conditioning , 1980 .

[75]  M. Bitterman.  Animal learning : survey and analysis , 1979 .

[76]  J. Pearce,et al.  The Strength of the Orienting Response during Blocking , 1984, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology.

[77]  G. V. Goddard,et al.  Asymmetric relationships between homosynaptic long-term potentiation and heterosynaptic long-term depression , 1983, Nature.

[78]  Partial reinforcement in serial autoshaping: The role of attentional and associative factors☆ , 1987 .

[79]  G. Hall,et al.  Latent inhibition and conditioning after preexposure to the training context , 1985 .

[80]  J. Pearce.  Introduction to animal cognition , 1987 .

[81]  J. Hopfield,et al.  The Logic of Limax Learning , 1985 .

[82]  L. J. Hammond,et al.  Probabilistic contingency theories of animal conditioning: A critical analysis , 1983 .

[83]  S. W. Kuffler,et al.  From neuron to brain: A cellular approach to the function of the nervous system , 1976 .

[84]  G. Hall,et al.  Context Specificity of Latent Inhibition in Taste Aversion Learning , 1986, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology.

[85]  G. Horn.  Habituation and Memory , 1971 .

[86]  J. Gray,et al.  Précis of The neuropsychology of anxiety: An enquiry into the functions of the septo-hippocampal system , 1982, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[87]  D. C. Anderson,et al.  Preconditioning exposures to the CS: Variation in place of testing , 1969 .

[88]  L. Squire,et al.  Preserved learning and retention of pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia: dissociation of knowing how and knowing that. , 1980, Science.

[89]  R. E. Lubow,et al.  The Context Effect: The Relationship Between Stimulus Preexposure and Environmental Preexposure Determines Subsequent Learning. , 1976 .

[90]  Lawrence W. Barsalou,et al.  Discrimination Nets as Psychological Models , 1984, Cogn. Sci..

[91]  Terrence J. Sejnowski,et al.  A Learning Algorithm for Boltzmann Machines , 1985, Cognitive Sciences.

[92]  B. Campbell,et al.  Punishment and aversive behavior , 1969 .

[93]  K. Sontag,et al.  Stereotypy, locomotor and cataleptic effects produced by drugs influencing dopaminergic systems in a mutant strain of wistar rats: A genuine model of basal ganglia dysfunction? , 1984, Behavioural Brain Research.

[94]  E. Hearst.  Extinction reveals stimulus control: latent learning of feature-negative discriminations in pigeons. , 1987, Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes.

[95]  A. Dickinson.  Contemporary Animal Learning Theory , 1981 .

[96]  James L. McClelland,et al.  Parallel distributed processing: explorations in the microstructure of cognition, vol. 1: foundations , 1986 .

[97]  Timothy J. Teyler,et al.  Long-term potentiation as a candidate mnemonic device , 1984, Brain Research Reviews.

[98]  P. Balsam,et al.  Context and Learning , 1985 .

[99]  L. E. Bourne,et al.  Mathematical theory of concept identification. , 1959, Psychological review.

[100]  P. W. Frey,et al.  Inhibition and learning , 1973 .

[101]  G. Hall,et al.  A Search for Context-Stimulus Associations in Latent Inhibition , 1984 .

[102]  V. Lolordo.  Classical Conditioning: The Pavlovian Perspective , 1979 .

[103]  M. Brazier,et al.  THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND BEHAVIOR , 1961 .

[104]  D. Bindra.  A theory of intelligent behavior , 1976 .

[105]  J. Gibbon,et al.  Contingency spaces and measures in classical and instrumental conditioning. , 1974, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[106]  A G Barto,et al.  Learning by statistical cooperation of self-interested neuron-like computing elements. , 1985, Human neurobiology.

[107]  T. Teyler,et al.  Long-term potentiation. , 1987, Annual review of neuroscience.

[108]  N. Mackintosh.  A Theory of Attention: Variations in the Associability of Stimuli with Reinforcement , 1975 .

[109]  J. Platt,et al.  A Model of Response-Reinforcer Contingency , 1985 .