Resource discovery in a Grid system: Directing requests to trustworthy virtual organizations based on global trust values

Abstract: This paper studies the resource discovery problem in a Grid system, in which global trust values play a crucial role. The proposed mechanism suggests that routers and resources comprise virtual organizations (VOs) within a Grid system, where a router controls locally a number of resources in each virtual organization. Global trust values are assigned to the system's VOs. These trust values show whether a VO and subsequently its local resources are trustworthy or not. Our primary goal is to discover the appropriate resource for a specific request and then effectively direct this request to a trustworthy VO that controls locally the appropriate resource. Furthermore, the trust-aware resource discovery mechanism also manages the cases of dynamic changes in the trustworthiness of VOs. For instance, VOs that in the past were untrustworthy could now be trustworthy. The proposed mechanism is capable of detecting these dynamic changes, so that the directing of requests occurs in an up-to-date way. Finally, this paper presents the performance evaluation of the proposed trust-aware resource discovery mechanism by providing a number of simulation tests in Grid systems of different sizes.

[1]  Fabio Kon,et al.  Defining and exploring a grid system ontology , 2006, MCG '06.

[2]  William John Teahan,et al.  Peer-to-Peer Protocols for Resource Discovery in the Grid , 2005, Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks.

[3]  Ian Foster,et al.  The Grid 2 - Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure, Second Edition , 1998, The Grid 2, 2nd Edition.

[4]  Hector Garcia-Molina,et al.  The Eigentrust algorithm for reputation management in P2P networks , 2003, WWW '03.

[5]  Giorgos Zacharia,et al.  Trust management through reputation mechanisms , 2000, Appl. Artif. Intell..

[6]  Paul Douglas,et al.  International Conference on Information Technology : Coding and Computing , 2003 .

[7]  Rajesh Raman,et al.  Matchmaking: distributed resource management for high throughput computing , 1998, Proceedings. The Seventh International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing (Cat. No.98TB100244).

[8]  Juan Li,et al.  Grid Resource Discovery Using Semantic Communities , 2005, GCC.

[9]  Junzhou Luo,et al.  Dividing Grid Service Discovery into 2-Stage Matchmaking , 2004, ISPA.

[10]  Hector Garcia-Molina,et al.  Routing indices for peer-to-peer systems , 2002, Proceedings 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems.

[11]  Shanshan Song,et al.  Risk-resilient heuristics and genetic algorithms for security-assured grid job scheduling , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[12]  Helen D. Karatza,et al.  Resource Discovery in a dynamical grid based on Re-routing Tables , 2008, Simul. Model. Pract. Theory.

[13]  Fangzhe Chang,et al.  User-level resource-constrained sandboxing , 2000 .

[14]  Bernard P. Zajac.  Applied cryptography: Protocols, algorithms, and source code in C , 1994 .

[15]  Ian Foster,et al.  A peer-to-peer approach to resource location in grid environments , 2002 .

[16]  James A. Hendler,et al.  Accuracy of Metrics for Inferring Trust and Reputation in Semantic Web-Based Social Networks , 2004, EKAW.

[17]  Yannis A. Dimitriadis,et al.  Grid Characteristics and Uses: A Grid Definition , 2003, European Across Grids Conference.

[18]  M. Aboelaze,et al.  Grid resource discovery using small world overlay graphs , 2005, Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2005..

[19]  Bruce Schneier,et al.  Applied cryptography : protocols, algorithms, and source codein C , 1996 .

[20]  Seungjoon Lee,et al.  Cooperative peer groups in NICE , 2003, IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37428).

[21]  Helmar Burkhart.  Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks , 2008 .

[22]  Weidong Xiao,et al.  Decentralized Grid Resource Discovery Based on Resource Information Community , 2004, Journal of Grid Computing.

[23]  Ling Liu,et al.  Building Trust in Decentralized Peer-to-Peer Electronic Communities , 2002 .

[24]  R. Buyya,et al.  Semantic-based Grid Resource Discovery and its Integration with the Grid Service Broker , 2006, 2006 International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communications.

[25]  Karl Aberer,et al.  P-Grid: A Self-Organizing Access Structure for P2P Information Systems , 2001, CoopIS.

[26]  Domenico Talia,et al.  A DHT-based Peer-to-Peer Framework for Resource Discovery in Grids , 2006 .

[27]  George Oikonomou,et al.  Proc. IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks (PDCN 2004) , 2004 .

[28]  Ling Liu,et al.  A reputation-based trust model for peer-to-peer ecommerce communities , 2003, EC.

[29]  Bruce Schneier,et al.  Applied cryptography (2nd ed.): protocols, algorithms, and source code in C , 1995 .

[30]  Rajesh Raman,et al.  Matchmaking frameworks for distributed resource management , 2000 .

[31]  Jun Zhang,et al.  Grid Resource Discovery Based on a Routing-Transferring Model , 2002, GRID.

[32]  Bobby Bhattacharjee,et al.  Finding close friends on the Internet , 2001, Proceedings Ninth International Conference on Network Protocols. ICNP 2001.

[33]  Helen D. Karatza,et al.  Resource Discovery in a Grid System Based on Matchmaking-Routers , 2008, 2008 Panhellenic Conference on Informatics.

[34]  Stefan Decker,et al.  Ontology-Based Resource Matching in the Grid - The Grid Meets the Semantic Web , 2003, SEMWEB.

[35]  Hector Garcia-Molina,et al.  Taxonomy of trust: Categorizing P2P reputation systems , 2006, Comput. Networks.

[36]  Shanshan Song,et al.  Trusted Grid Computing with Security Binding and Trust Integration , 2005, Journal of Grid Computing.

[37]  Takahiro Katagiri,et al.  A time-to-live based reservation algorithm on fully decentralized resource discovery in Grid computing , 2005, Parallel Comput..

[38]  Ami Marowka,et al.  The GRID: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure , 2000, Parallel Distributed Comput. Pract..

[39]  Sujata Banerjee,et al.  NodeWiz: peer-to-peer resource discovery for grids , 2005, CCGrid 2005. IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid, 2005..

[40]  Silvana Castano,et al.  Matching techniques for resource discovery in distributed systems using heterogeneous ontology descriptions , 2004, International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing, 2004. Proceedings. ITCC 2004..

[41]  Muthucumaru Maheswaran,et al.  A Parameter-Based Approach to Resource Discovery in Grid Computing System , 2000, GRID.