Energy-Efficient Routing Cluster Protocols for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of small nodes with sensing, calculation and wireless communications capability. Many routing, capacity management, and data circulation protocols have been specifically designed for WSNs where energy alertness is an needed method issue. The final development in the wireless network is the main condition for us to choose this topic. The focus has been given to the routing protocols which might differ depending on the application and network architecture. In this paper, we present a analyses of the state-of-the-method routing techniques in WSNs. We first diagram the design challenges for routing protocols in WSNs followed by an exhaustive of some of the routing techniques. Overall, the routing techniques are classified into three categories based on the underlying network structure: flat, hierarchical, and location-based routing .These protocols can be divided into lifetime -based, and Qos-based, depending on the protocol operation. We review the design trade-offs between energy and communication upward savings in some of these routing paradigm. We also mention the advantages and achievement issues of each routing technique.

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