Attacking the Inverse Electromagnetic Problem of the Heart with Computationally Compatible Anatomical and Histological Knowledge

For over one hundred years the electrocardiogram (ECG) remains an extremely useful clinical tool and continues to play a major role in the evaluation and management of patients with known or suspected cardiac disease. Interpretation of the 12-lead ECG is a simplistic solution to the “inverse electromagnetic problem” for the electrical activity of the heart, which is to extract information about the instantaneous electrical state of the cardiac muscle from measurements of the body surface potentials that are generated from the electrical activity of the heart. Although adequate for patient management in most instances, there are conditions for which the sensitivity of the 12-lead ECG is suboptimal, as for example for the diagnosis of a posterior wall myocardial infarction. To enhance the diagnostic value of the ECG, one would need to address in depth and provide an actual solution to the inverse electromagnetic problem.

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