相关论文
2014 - Mathematical Problems in Engineering
Improved Radio Frequency Identification Indoor Localization Method via Radial Basis Function Neural Network

Indoor localization technique has received much attention in recent years. Many techniques have been developed to solve the problem. Among the recent proposed methods, radio frequency identification (RFID) indoor localization technology has the advantages of low-cost, noncontact, non-line-of-sight, and high precision. This paper proposed two radial basis function (RBF) neural network based indoor localization methods. The RBF neural networks are trained to learn the mapping relationship between received signal strength indication values and position of objects. Traditional method used the received signal strength directly as the input of neural network; we added another input channel by taking the difference of the received signal strength, thus improving the reliability and precision of positioning. Fuzzy clustering is used to determine the center of radial basis function. In order to reduce the impact of signal fading due to non-line-of-sight and multipath transmission in indoor environment, we improved the Gaussian filter to process received signal strength values. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods as well as improves the reliability and precision of the RFID indoor positioning system.

2007 - Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput.
A practical analysis of communication characteristics for mobile and distributed pollution measurements on the road

Summary Measuring environmental data in city areas has become an important issue for municipalities due to several climate directives. As fixed measuring stations are inflexible, cost-intensive, and limited to monitoring a specific spot, we developed a distributed environmental monitoring network called Environmental Monitoring in Metropolitan Areas (EMMA). This architecture is based on the delay tolerant networking approach and can be integrated into existing Public Transportation Networks (PTNs). Buses or other vehicles can be equipped with sensor nodes that gather data and forward messages. In order to evaluate the basic ideas of this project we performed a series of real-world experiments. Besides analyzing the behavior of 802.11-based Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) between moving vehicles in a controlled environment, we also evaluated the communication performance in urban environments. Moreover, we examined the qualification of a Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) implementation for spreading measurement results throughout the network. The suitability of EMMA’s architecture has been successfully demonstrated by these experiments. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

2011 - 2011 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation
Indoor positioning with floor determination in multi story buildings

Floor determination is one of the challenges in indoor positioning research. To date indoor positioning solutions for floor determination have been mainly based on either Fingerprinting [2] or RF-ID [3]. While these solutions have been able to locate persons or equipments accurately even in multi story buildings, these can not be considered as time and cost efficient solutions. Therefore, in this research we present new Wi-Fi based indoor positioning algorithms in order to accommodate the need for limited resources solution in terms of deployment time and cost. While finger-printing and RF-ID based solutions have been targeting sub-meter position accuracy, this research focuses on floor determination only. In addition, in this research we have highlighted two possible approaches by using available Wi-Fi signals for floor determination.

2017 - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
A Robust High-Accuracy Ultrasound Indoor Positioning System Based on a Wireless Sensor Network

This paper describes the development and implementation of a robust high-accuracy ultrasonic indoor positioning system (UIPS). The UIPS consists of several wireless ultrasonic beacons in the indoor environment. Each of them has a fixed and known position coordinate and can collect all the transmissions from the target node or emit ultrasonic signals. Every wireless sensor network (WSN) node has two communication modules: one is WiFi, that transmits the data to the server, and the other is the radio frequency (RF) module, which is only used for time synchronization between different nodes, with accuracy up to 1 μs. The distance between the beacon and the target node is calculated by measuring the time-of-flight (TOF) for the ultrasonic signal, and then the position of the target is computed by some distances and the coordinate of the beacons. TOF estimation is the most important technique in the UIPS. A new time domain method to extract the envelope of the ultrasonic signals is presented in order to estimate the TOF. This method, with the envelope detection filter, estimates the value with the sampled values on both sides based on the least squares method (LSM). The simulation results show that the method can achieve envelope detection with a good filtering effect by means of the LSM. The highest precision and variance can reach 0.61 mm and 0.23 mm, respectively, in pseudo-range measurements with UIPS. A maximum location error of 10.2 mm is achieved in the positioning experiments for a moving robot, when UIPS works on the line-of-sight (LOS) signal.

1997 - Proceedings 11th International Parallel Processing Symposium
A tool for on-line visualization and interactive steering of parallel HPC applications

Tools for parallel systems today range from specification over debugging to performance analysis and more. Typically, they help the programmers of parallel algorithms from the early development stages to a certain level of program optimization. However in HPC (High Performance Computing) today the end-user of massively parallel CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)-programs has little or no support in his work. The scientific engineer who often runs his application on a parallel computer somewhere in the WAN (Wide Area Network) and visualizes the enormous amounts of simulation data on a graphical workstation in his LAN (Local Area Network) has needs which are by far not covered by state of the art visualization systems. The tool proposed here follows a strategy which differs completely from existing, batch-oriented and strictly sequential methods of the working process in the application cycle of parallel HPC applications. It allows both on-line visualization and interactive program steering of massively parallel CFD-applications. The parameters of the mathematical model and the numerical methods build objects of a database which can be accessed by an object-oriented graphical user interface via visualization and modification operators. Experiences with this new tool concept VIPER (VIsualization of Parallel numerical simulation algorithms for Extended Research) applied on a real-world and industrial scientific application will be shown.

2013 - SIAM J. Imaging Sci.
Coded Hyperspectral Imaging and Blind Compressive Sensing

Blind compressive sensing (CS) is considered for reconstruction of hyperspectral data imaged by a coded aperture camera. The measurements are manifested as a superposition of the coded wavelength-dependent data, with the ambient three-dimensional hyperspectral datacube mapped to a two-dimensional measurement. The hyperspectral datacube is recovered using a Bayesian implementation of blind CS. Several demonstration experiments are presented, including measurements performed using a coded aperture snapshot spectral imager (CASSI) camera. The proposed approach is capable of efficiently reconstructing large hyperspectral datacubes. Comparisons are made between the proposed algorithm and other techniques employed in compressive sensing, dictionary learning, and matrix factorization.

2019 - Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences
Random forest and WiFi fingerprint-based indoor location recognition system using smart watch

Various technologies such as WiFi, Bluetooth, and RFID are being used to provide indoor location-based services (LBS). In particular, a WiFi base using a WiFi AP already installed in an indoor space is widely applied, and the importance of indoor location recognition using deep running has emerged. In this study, we propose a WiFi-based indoor location recognition system using a smart watch, which is extended from an existing smartphone. Unlike the existing system, we use both the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) and Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID) to solve the problem of position recognition owing to the similar signal strength. By performing two times of filtering, we want to improve the execution time and accuracy through the learning of random forest based location awareness. In an unopened indoor space with five or more WiFi APs installed. Experiments were conducted by comparing the results according to the number of data for supposed system and a system based on existing WiFi fingerprint based random forest. The proposed system was confirmed to exhibit high performance in terms of execution time and accuracy. It has significance in that the system shows a consistent performance regardless of the number of data for location information.

2006 - IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters
A novel absorb/transmit FSS for secure indoor wireless networks with reduced multipath fading

A novel absorb/transmit frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented for 5-GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. The novelty of the design is that it is capable of absorbing, as opposed to reflecting, WLAN signals while passing mobile signals. The FSS consists of two layers, one with conventional conducting cross dipoles and the other with resistive cross dipoles. The absorption of the WLAN signal is important to reduce additional multipaths and resultant fading otherwise caused by the FSS. The structure has good transmission characteristics for 900/1800/1900-MHz mobile bands and performs well for both horizontal and vertical polarizations. The distance between the two layers is less than a quarter free-space wavelengths. Theoretical and experimental results are presented.

2017 - ISPRS Int. J. Geo Inf.
Indoor Fingerprint Positioning Based on Wi-Fi: An Overview

The widely applied location-based services require a high standard for positioning technology. Currently, outdoor positioning has been a great success; however, indoor positioning technologies are in the early stages of development. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of indoor fingerprint positioning based on Wi-Fi. First, some indoor positioning technologies, especially the Wi-Fi fingerprint indoor positioning technology, are introduced and discussed. Second, some evaluation metrics and influence factors of indoor fingerprint positioning technologies based on Wi-Fi are introduced. Third, methods and algorithms of fingerprint indoor positioning technologies are analyzed, classified, and discussed. Fourth, some widely used assistive positioning technologies are described. Finally, conclusions are drawn and future possible research interests are discussed. It is hoped that this research will serve as a stepping stone for those interested in advancing indoor positioning.

2005 - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
Compact low cost dual polarized adaptive planar phased array for WLAN

In this paper, we introduce a design for a compact low cost dual polarized adaptive planar phased array for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). The uniqueness of the design is that a wide variety of beam shapes can be electronically selected from a large set of possible patterns while maintaining compact size low cost with reasonable efficiency and having independent dual diversity ports. An important application of the array is in WLAN systems where compact and low cost adaptable antennas promise increases in capacity and coverage. The array design makes use of key innovations in the antenna element and feed network, along with improved low cost phase shifting circuits with low loss performance. The compact antenna element we propose exhibits low mutual coupling between elements with good bandwidth and dual polarized diversity feeds. The feed network is designed to minimize coupling between ports while the phase shifters are low cost but allow flexible control of the antenna patterns. The design is verified both through numerical simulations and also measurements of an experimental prototype and these confirm the good performance of the antenna system and suitability for use in WLAN systems.

2011 - CVPR 2011
Is face recognition really a Compressive Sensing problem?

Compressive Sensing has become one of the standard methods of face recognition within the literature. We show, however, that the sparsity assumption which underpins much of this work is not supported by the data. This lack of sparsity in the data means that compressive sensing approach cannot be guaranteed to recover the exact signal, and therefore that sparse approximations may not deliver the robustness or performance desired. In this vein we show that a simple £2 approach to the face recognition problem is not only significantly more accurate than the state-of-the-art approach, it is also more robust, and much faster. These results are demonstrated on the publicly available YaleB and AR face datasets but have implications for the application of Compressive Sensing more broadly.

2003 - GLOBECOM '03. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37489)
IEEE 802.11 packet delay-a finite retry limit analysis

The contribution of this paper is on the study of packet delays for the IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network DCF MAC protocol. A method is presented capable of taking into account retransmission delays with or without retry limits. We present an analytical model based on a Markov chain which allows us to derive closed form expressions for the packet delays, the probability of a packet being discarded when it reaches the maximum retransmission limit and the average time to drop such a packet for the basic and RTS/CTS access mechanisms. The results presented are for standard protocol parameters versus the number of contention stations. Finally, the accuracy of the analytical model is verified by simulations.

2015 - International Journal of Smart Home
An iBeacon-based Indoor Positioning Systems for Hospitals

How to help patients find their departments or wards is an issue that needs to be solved by hospitals urgently. This paper presents an iBeacon-based indoor positioning system for hospitals. It firstly analyzes the advantages of iBeacon compared with the common indoor positioning technologies; then designs the indoor positioning system for hospitals based on the three-layer architecture of Internet of things to have message-push-service through clients. Finally, the shortest distance algorithm Floyd is used to recommend the nearest department or ward to patients. Shown as result of the experiment, indoor positioning for hospitals can be realized by the system.

2015 - IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
A Time-Reversal Paradigm for Indoor Positioning System

In an indoor environment, there commonly exist a large number of multipaths due to rich scatterers. These multipaths make the indoor positioning problem very challenging. The main reason is that most of the transmitted signals are significantly distorted by the multipaths before arriving at the receiver, which causes inaccuracies in the estimation of the positioning features such as the time of arrival (TOA) and the angle of arrival (AOA). On the other hand, the multipath effect can be very constructive when employed in the time-reversal (TR) radio transmission. By utilizing the uniqueness of the multipath profile at each location, TR can create a resonating effect of focusing the energy of the transmitted signal only onto the intended location, which is known as the spatial focusing effect. In this paper, we propose exploiting such a high-resolution focusing effect in the indoor positioning problem. Specifically, we propose a TR indoor positioning system (TRIPS) by utilizing the location-specific characteristic of multipaths. By doing so, we decompose the ill-posed single-access-point (AP) indoor positioning problem into two well-defined subproblems. The first subproblem is to create a database by mapping the physical geographical location with the logical location in the channel impulse response (CIR) space, whereas the second subproblem is to determine the real physical location by matching the estimated CIR with those in the database. To evaluate the performance of our proposed TRIPS, we build a prototype to conduct real experiments. The experimental results show that, with a single AP working in the 5.4-GHz band under the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) condition, our proposed TRIPS can achieve perfect 10-cm localization accuracy with zero-error rate within a 0.9 m by 1 m area of interest.

2004 - IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004
Modeling and characterization of frame loss process in IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks

The popularity of 802.11-based WLANs is greatly increasing and to keep up with new throughput demands the interaction of some of the protocols (MAC and TCP) is being scrutinized. In order to properly simulate protocol behavior, accurate frame loss models are needed for 802.11 networks. This paper discusses measurements taken to help characterize the frame loss process and compares Markov models with different numbers of states whose parameters have been estimated using the Baum-Welch algorithm. It is shown that higher-order state hidden Markov models provide a better fit to measured data than the traditional 2-state Gilbert models.

2016 - 2016 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
High accuracy indoor localization: A WiFi-based approach

Indoor positioning systems (IPS) based on Wi-Fi signals are gaining popularity recently. IPS based on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) could only achieve a precision of several meters due to the strong temporal and spatial variation of indoor environment. On the other hand, IPS based on Channel State Information (CSI) drive the precision into the sub-meter regime with several access points (AP). However, the performance degrades with fewer APs mainly due to the limit of bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a Wi-Fi-based time-reversal indoor positioning system (WiFi-TRIPS) using the location-specific fingerprints generated by CSIs with a total bandwidth of 1 GHz. WiFi-TRIPS consists of an offline phase and an online phase. In the offline phase, CSIs are collected in different 10 MHz bands from each location-of-interest and the timing and frequency synchronization errors are compensated. We perform a bandwidth concatenation to combine CSIs in different bands into a single fingerprint of 1 GHz. In the online phase, we evaluate the time-reversal resonating strength using the fingerprint from an unknown location and those in the database for location estimation. Extensive experiment results demonstrate a perfect 5cm precision in an 20cm × 70cm area in a non-line-of-sight office environment with one link measurement.

2001 - Wireless Networks
Robust SuperPoll with Chaining Protocol for IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs in Support of Multimedia Applications

Design of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) needs to take into consideration the limited bandwidth available in the ISM band along with the noisy characteristics of the wireless environment and hidden terminal effects. In this paper we propose an enhancement for IEEE 802.11 standard that improves the WLAN support for multimedia applications. In the IEEE 802.11 PCF polling based protocol designed for multimedia applications support, the Point Coordinator (PC) polls each station in the Basic Service Area (BSA) individually. In the proposed SuperPoll approach the PC broadcasts at the beginning of the contention free period a SuperPoll, i.e., a message that includes the list of stations that will be polled during the current period. To improve the reliability of the polling based approach in a noisy environment, we propose to use a chaining mechanism in which each packet resends in its turn the SuperPoll message appended to its packet. We provide performance measurements of the proposed method in terms of channel efficiency and channel access time for multimedia applications that use the contention free period of IEEE 802.11 PCF. We notice that for noisy channels, the proposed method provides a dramatic throughput increase and delay decrease when compared with the Single Poll mechanism used in IEEE 802.11 PCF, thus providing better support for multimedia applications.

2011 - Electronics Letters
CPW-fed slot antenna with triangular SRR terminated feedline for WLAN/WiMAX applications

A novel CPW-fed slot antenna for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) and World Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications is proposed, which can produce dual bands. Employing a CPW feedline terminated with a triangular split-ring res onator (SRR), good wide impedance matching can be achieved without an external matching circuit, and then wide bandwidths in the two working bands could be implemented conveniently. Measured results show that the proposed antenna can yield an impedance bandwidth of 1.96-4.33 and 5.05-7.23 GHz with reflection coefficient (SI 1) less than - 10 dB. In addition, the antenna has good radiation patterns in both E and H-planes. A comparison between measured and simulated results is demonstrated.

2003
Video Streaming over Wireless LANs: A Cross-layer Approach

Robust streaming of video over 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) poses many challenges, including coping with bandwidth variations, data losses and heterogeneity of the receivers. Currently, each network layer (including physical layer, media access control, transport, and application layers) provides a separate solution to these challenges by providing its own optimized adaptation and protection mechanisms. However, this layered strategy does not always result in an optimal overall performance for the transmission of video. Moreover, certain protection strategies can be implemented simultaneously in several layers, and hence the optimal choices from the application and complexity perspective need to be identified. In this paper, we evaluate different error control and adaptation mechanisms available in the different layers for robust transmission of video, namely Media Access Control (MAC) retransmission strategy, application-layer Forward Error Correction (FEC), bandwidth-adaptive compression using scalable coding, and adaptive packetization strategies. Subsequently, we propose a novel adaptive cross-layer protection strategy for enhancing the robustness and efficiency of scalable video transmission by performing tradeoffs between throughput, reliability and delay depending on the channel conditions and application requirements. The results obtained using the proposed adaptive cross-layer protection strategies show a significantly improved visual performance for the transmitted video over a variety of channel conditions.

2000 - Wireless Networks
QoS provided by the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN to advanced data applications: a simulation analysis

IEEE 802.11 is a Media Access Control (MAC) protocol which has been standardized by IEEE for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). The IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol offers two types of services to its users: synchronous and asynchronous. This paper presents an in‐depth analysis, by simulation, of the asynchronous part alone. The analysis is performed by considering station data traffic patterns (hereafter advanced data traffic) which have a very similar shape to traffic generated by WWW applications. We carried out the simulation by taking into consideration two classes of scenarios: balanced and unbalanced. In the former class each station has the same offered load while in the latter class a specific station is more loaded than the others. Our conclusion is that the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol performs satisfactorily for both classes of scenarios, although performance measures with advanced traffic are worse than the corresponding performance measures with Poissonian traffic. Furthermore, we broadened our analysis to include higher medium capacities than those planned (i.e., 1 and 2 Mbit/sec) up to 10 Mbit/sec. This part of the analysis shows that the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol is not adequate to work at speeds planned for the forthcoming ATM Wireless LAN.

Received-Signal-Strength-Based Indoor Positioning Using Compressive Sensing

Shahrokh Valaee
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Chen Feng
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Zhenhui Tan
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Wain Sy Anthea Au
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Chen Feng
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S. Valaee
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Z. Tan

Abstract:The recent growing interest for indoor Location-Based Services (LBSs) has created a need for more accurate and real-time indoor positioning solutions. The sparse nature of location finding makes the theory of Compressive Sensing (CS) desirable for accurate indoor positioning using Received Signal Strength (RSS) from Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Access Points (APs). We propose an accurate RSS-based indoor positioning system using the theory of compressive sensing, which is a method to recover sparse signals from a small number of noisy measurements by solving an `1-minimization problem. Our location estimator consists of a coarse localizer, where the RSS is compared to a number of clusters to detect in which cluster the node is located, followed by a fine localization step, using the theory of compressive sensing, to further refine the location estimation. We have investigated different coarse localization schemes and AP selection approaches to increase the accuracy. We also show that the CS theory can be used to reconstruct the RSS radio map from measurements at only a small number of fingerprints, reducing the number of measurements significantly. We have implemented the proposed system on a WiFi-integrated mobile device and have evaluated the performance. Experimental results indicate that the proposed system leads to substantial improvement on localization accuracy and complexity over the widely used traditional fingerprinting methods.

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引用
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