Using AI and games for decision support in command and control

Developers of tomorrow's command and control centers are facing numerous problems related to the vast amount of available information obtained from various sources. On a lower level, huge amounts of uncertain reports from different sensors need to be fused into comprehensible information. On a higher level, representation and management of the aggregated information will be the main task, with prediction of future course of events being the uttermost goal. Unfortunately, traditional agent modeling techniques do not capture situations where commanders make decisions based on other commanders' reasoning about one's own reasoning. To cope with this problem, we propose a decision support tool for command and control situation awareness enhancements based on game theory for inference and coupled with traditional AI methods for uncertainty modeling.

[1]  Michael Wooldridge,et al.  Game Theory and Decision Theory in Multi-Agent Systems , 2002, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems.

[2]  C. E. Lemke,et al.  Equilibrium Points of Bimatrix Games , 1964 .

[3]  Werner Güth,et al.  Advances in understanding strategic behaviour : game theory, experiments and bounded rationality : essays in honour of Werner Güth , 2004 .

[4]  James Llinas,et al.  Revisiting the JDL Data Fusion Model II , 2004 .

[5]  B. Stengel,et al.  COMPUTING EQUILIBRIA FOR TWO-PERSON GAMES , 1996 .

[6]  Stefan Arnborg,et al.  Bayesian Games for Threat Prediction and Situation Analysis , 2004 .

[7]  Ariel Rubinstein,et al.  A Course in Game Theory , 1995 .

[8]  Kenneth J. Arrow,et al.  Handbooks in economics , 1981 .

[9]  John C. Harsanyi,et al.  Games with Incomplete Information Played by "Bayesian" Players, I-III: Part I. The Basic Model& , 2004, Manag. Sci..

[10]  Bernhard von Stengel,et al.  Chapter 45 Computing equilibria for two-person games , 2002 .

[11]  J. Harsanyi.  Games with Incomplete Information Played by “Bayesian” Players Part II. Bayesian Equilibrium Points , 1968 .

[12]  Klas Wallenius,et al.  Support for situation awareness in command and control , 2004 .

[13]  Jörgen W. Weibull,et al.  Testing Game Theory , 2004 .

[14]  Erik Durschmied.  The Hinge Factor: How Chance and Stupidity Have Changed History , 1999 .

[15]  Thomas P Coakley,et al.  Command and Control for War and Peace , 1992 .

[16]  J. Neumann,et al.  Theory of games and economic behavior , 1945, 100 Years of Math Milestones.

[17]  Henrik I. Christensen,et al.  A game theoretic model for management of mobile sensors , 2003, Sixth International Conference of Information Fusion, 2003. Proceedings of the.

[18]  Prakash P. Shenoy,et al.  A causal mapping approach to constructing Bayesian networks , 2004, Decis. Support Syst..

[19]  J. Nash,et al.  NON-COOPERATIVE GAMES , 1951, Classics in Game Theory.

[20]  Jeffrey D. Hicks,et al.  Bayesian-Game Modeling of C2 Decision Making in Submarine Battle-Space Situation Awareness , 2004 .

[21]  B. Butler,et al.  "Game Commander"-applying an architecture of game theory and tree lookahead to the command and control process , 1994, Fifth Annual Conference on AI, and Planning in High Autonomy Systems.

[22]  Roger B. Myerson,et al.  Game theory - Analysis of Conflict , 1991 .

[23]  T. Ferguson.  Game Theory and Decision Theory , 1967 .

[24]  Alan N. Steinberg,et al.  Revisions to the JDL data fusion model , 1999, Defense, Security, and Sensing.

[25]  Richard W. Cottle,et al.  Linear Complementarity Problem. , 1992 .

[26]  Colin Camerer.  Behavioral Game Theory: Experiments in Strategic Interaction , 2003 .

[27]  Ronald A. Howard,et al.  Influence Diagrams , 2005, Decis. Anal..

[28]  J. Neumann.  Zur Theorie der Gesellschaftsspiele , 1928 .

[29]  Eitan Zemel,et al.  Nash and correlated equilibria: Some complexity considerations , 1989 .

[30]  Stuart J. Russell,et al.  Dynamic bayesian networks: representation, inference and learning , 2002 .

[31]  Edmund H. Durfee,et al.  Rational Coordination in Multi-Agent Environments , 2000, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems.

[32]  Rina Azoulay-Schwartz,et al.  Negotiation on Data Allocation in Multi-Agent Environments , 1997, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems.

[33]  Piotr J. Gmytrasiewicz,et al.  Editorial: decision theory and game theory in agent design , 2005, Decis. Support Syst..

[34]  Avi Pfeffer,et al.  Representations and Solutions for Game-Theoretic Problems , 1997, Artif. Intell..