Integrated computation model of lithium-ion battery subject to nail penetration

The nail penetration of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has become a standard battery safety evaluation method to mimic the potential penetration of a foreign object into LIB, which can lead to internal short circuit with catastrophic consequences, such as thermal runaway, fire, and explosion. To provide a safe, time-efficient, and cost-effective method for studying the nail penetration problem, an integrated computational method that considers the mechanical, electrochemical, and thermal behaviors of the jellyroll was developed using a coupled 3D mechanical model, a 1D battery model, and a short circuit model. The integrated model, along with the sub-models, was validated to agree reasonably well with experimental test data. In addition, a comprehensive quantitative analysis of governing factors, e.g., shapes, sizes, and displacements of nails, states of charge, and penetration speeds, was conducted. The proposed computational framework for LIB nail penetration was first introduced. This framework can provide an accurate prediction of the time history profile of battery voltage, temperature, and mechanical behavior. The factors that affected the behavior of the jellyroll under nail penetration were discussed systematically. Results provide a solid foundation for future in-depth studies on LIB nail penetration mechanisms and safety design.

[1]  Tao Wang,et al.  Thermal investigation of lithium-ion battery module with different cell arrangement structures and forced air-cooling strategies , 2014 .

[2]  Lars Greve,et al.  Mechanical testing and macro-mechanical finite element simulation of the deformation, fracture, and short circuit initiation of cylindrical Lithium ion battery cells , 2012 .

[3]  Ralph E. White,et al.  Thermal Model for a Li-Ion Cell , 2008 .

[4]  P. Ramadass,et al.  Study of internal short in a Li-ion cell-II. Numerical investigation using a 3D electrochemical-thermal model , 2014 .

[5]  Zhonghao Rao,et al.  Investigation of the thermal performance of phase change material/mini-channel coupled battery thermal management system , 2016 .

[6]  Tao Sun,et al.  Deformation and fracture behaviors of microporous polymer separators for lithium ion batteries , 2014 .

[7]  Xiaosong Huang,et al.  A multiphysics model for the in situ stress analysis of the separator in a lithium-ion battery cell , 2014 .

[8]  M. Armand,et al.  Pregnancy: A cloned horse born to its dam twin , 2003, Nature.

[9]  Gi-Heon Kim,et al.  A three-dimensional multi-physics model for a Li-ion battery , 2013 .

[10]  W. Lai,et al.  Mechanical behavior of representative volume elements of lithium-ion battery modules under various loading conditions , 2014 .

[11]  Wei Lai,et al.  Mathematical Modeling of Porous Battery Electrodes-Revisit of Newman's Model , 2011 .

[12]  P. Ramadass,et al.  Analysis of internal short-circuit in a lithium ion cell , 2009 .

[13]  John N. Harb,et al.  Modeling of Particle-Particle Interactions in Porous Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries , 2007 .

[14]  C. M. Doyle.  Design and simulation of lithium rechargeable batteries , 2010 .

[15]  Jun Xu,et al.  Coupled effect of strain rate and solvent on dynamic mechanical behaviors of separators in lithium ion batteries , 2016 .

[16]  A. Bertram.  Elasticity and Plasticity of Large Deformations , 2012 .

[17]  John Newman,et al.  Two-Dimensional Modeling of Lithium Deposition during Cell Charging , 2008 .

[18]  Robert J. Kee,et al.  A Computational Model of the Mechanical Behavior within Reconstructed LixCoO2 Li-ion Battery Cathode Particles , 2014 .

[19]  Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez,et al.  Computer simulations of the influence of geometry in the performance of conventional and unconventional lithium-ion batteries , 2016 .

[20]  Venkat Srinivasan,et al.  Design and Optimization of a Natural Graphite/Iron Phosphate Lithium-Ion Cell , 2004 .

[21]  Shriram Santhanagopalan,et al.  Multi-Domain Modeling of Lithium-Ion Batteries Encompassing Multi-Physics in Varied Length Scales , 2011 .

[22]  P. Ramadass,et al.  Study of internal short in a Li-ion cell I. Test method development using infra-red imaging technique , 2014 .

[23]  Kuan-Cheng Chiu,et al.  An electrochemical modeling of lithium-ion battery nail penetration , 2014 .

[24]  Chaoyang Wang,et al.  Lithium-ion battery structure that self-heats at low temperatures , 2016, Nature.

[25]  Rachel E. Gerver,et al.  Three-Dimensional Modeling of Electrochemical Performance and Heat Generation of Lithium-Ion Batteries in Tabbed Planar Configurations , 2011 .

[26]  Xuning Feng,et al.  Online internal short circuit detection for a large format lithium ion battery , 2016 .

[27]  Tao Sun,et al.  A Coupled Penetration-Tension Method for Evaluating the Reliability of Battery Separators , 2014 .

[28]  Tao Sun,et al.  Probing the Roles of Polymeric Separators in Lithium-Ion Battery Capacity Fade at Elevated Temperatures , 2014 .

[29]  Xiaosong Huang,et al.  Modeling stresses in the separator of a pouch lithium-ion cell , 2011 .

[30]  Zhengguo Zhang,et al.  A hybrid thermal management system for lithium ion batteries combining phase change materials with forced-air cooling , 2015 .

[31]  Tomasz Wierzbicki,et al.  Modelling of cracks developed in lithium-ion cells under mechanical loading , 2015 .

[32]  T. Wierzbicki,et al.  Modeling and short circuit detection of 18650 Li-ion cells under mechanical abuse conditions , 2012 .

[33]  Jun Xu,et al.  Dynamic mechanical integrity of cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell upon crushing , 2015 .

[34]  Jun Xu,et al.  State of Charge Dependent Mechanical Integrity Behavior of 18650 Lithium-ion Batteries , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[35]  L. R. Johnson,et al.  Plug-in electric vehicle market penetration and incentives: a global review , 2015, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change.

[36]  Jie Liu,et al.  Simulation and experimental study on lithium ion battery short circuit , 2016 .

[37]  Xinyi Wang,et al.  Computational model of 18650 lithium-ion battery with coupled strain rate and SOC dependencies , 2016 .

[38]  M. Doyle,et al.  Simulation and Optimization of the Dual Lithium Ion Insertion Cell , 1994 .

[39]  Alejandro A. Franco,et al.  Multiscale modelling and numerical simulation of rechargeable lithium ion batteries: concepts, methods and challenges , 2013 .

[40]  D. Delaunay,et al.  Heat transfer enhancement in latent heat thermal storage systems: Comparative study of different solutions and thermal contact investigation between the exchanger and the PCM , 2016 .

[41]  Partha P. Mukherjee,et al.  Stochastic Analysis of Diffusion Induced Damage in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes , 2013 .

[42]  Peng Wu,et al.  Thermal runaway propagation model for designing a safer battery pack with 25Ah LiNixCoyMnzO2 large format lithium ion battery , 2015 .

[43]  John Newman,et al.  Electrochemical Systems, 3rd Edition , 2004 .

[44]  Chao Zhang,et al.  Coupled mechanical-electrical-thermal modeling for short-circuit prediction in a lithium-ion cell under mechanical abuse , 2015 .

[45]  M. Behm,et al.  Electrochemical characterisation and modelling of the mass transport phenomena in LiPF6–EC–EMC electrolyte , 2008 .

[46]  Jinhua Sun,et al.  Thermal behaviour analysis of lithium-ion battery at elevated temperature using deconvolution method , 2014 .

[47]  M. Behm,et al.  Investigation of Short-Circuit Scenarios in a Lithium-Ion Battery Cell , 2012 .