Building a Sense of Community for Text-Based Computer-Mediated Communication Courses

Building a strong sense of community in text-based computer-mediated communication courses can be a challenge to instructors. This article presents how a sound practical approach called STEP is implemented into one text-based fully online course and one hybrid course at a university in the northeastern region of the United States. Students' perceptions on connectedness and learning are measured toward the sense of community. The effectiveness of the systematic approach with a variety of strategies in building a sense of community in both fully online and hybrid courses has been confirmed in this study. Discussion and conclusion of building the sense of community for text-based computer-mediated communication courses are included.

[1]  Paul Jay Edelson The Organization of Courses via the Internet, Academic Aspects, Interaction, Evaluation, and Accreditation. , 1998 .

[2]  G. Wheatley Constructivist perspectives on science and mathematics learning , 1991 .

[3]  S. Sarason The Psychological Sense of Community: Prospects for a Community Psychology , 1974 .

[4]  A. P. Rovai,et al.  Blended Learning and Sense of Community: A Comparative Analysis with Traditional and Fully Online Graduate Courses , 2004 .

[5]  S. Riger,et al.  Community ties: Patterns of attachment and social interaction in urban neighborhoods , 1981 .

[6]  Sharon L. Tebben Community and Caring in a College Classroom. , 1995 .

[7]  Cathy L. Bruce-Hayter,et al.  A review of Computer Mediated Communication and the Online Classroom , 1995 .

[8]  J. Buckner The development of an instrument to measure neighborhood cohesion , 1988 .

[9]  J. Cross Building Learning Communities in Cyberspace , 2004 .

[10]  Barry Wellman,et al.  The Network Community: An Introduction to Networks in the 19 Global Village , 1999 .

[11]  S. Harvey,et al.  A Sense of Community , 1982 .

[12]  Harrison Hao Yang Mission Possible: Project-Based Learning Preparing Graduate Students for Technology , 2001 .

[13]  Mervyn J. Wighting Effects of Computer Use on High School Students' Sense of Community , 2006 .

[14]  Chris Dede,et al.  The evolution of distance education: Emerging technologies and distributed learning , 1996 .

[15]  C. Gunawardena,et al.  Social presence as a predictor of satisfaction within a computer‐mediated conferencing environment , 1997 .

[16]  T. Glynn,et al.  Psychological Sense of Community: Measurement and Application , 1981 .

[17]  Brian McKenna,et al.  Virtual Community , 1998, Online Inf. Rev..

[18]  Lorraine Sherry,et al.  Issues in Distance Learning , 1995 .

[19]  Daniel L. Schwartz,et al.  Doing with Understanding: Lessons from Research on Problem- and Project-Based Learning , 1998 .

[20]  K. Strike Community, the Missing Element of School Reform: Why Schools Should Be More like Congregations than Banks , 2004, American Journal of Education.

[21]  Jean Hill,et al.  Psychological sense of community: Suggestions for future research , 1996 .

[22]  M.,et al.  Sense of community: A definition and theory , 1986 .

[23]  Sandra Kerka,et al.  Distance Learning, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. ERIC Digest. , 1996 .

[24]  Zane L. Berge,et al.  Facilitating Computer Conferencing: Recommendations from the Field. , 1995 .

[25]  G. Pretty,et al.  Relating psychological sense of community to social climate characteristics , 1990 .

[26]  John H. Schweitzer,et al.  The College Classroom as a Community: Impact on Student Attitudes and Learning , 2006 .

[27]  M. Moore Learner Autonomy: The Second Dimension of Independent Learning. , 1972 .

[28]  D. Garrison,et al.  Assessing Social Presence In Asynchronous Text-based Computer Conferencing , 1999 .

[29]  A. P. Rovai Building classroom community at a distance: A case study , 2001 .

[30]  James H. Hogge,et al.  Sense of community through Brunswik's lens: A first look. , 1986 .

[31]  J. Gorham,et al.  A comparison of teacher and student perceptions of immediacy and learning: Monitoring process and product , 1990 .

[32]  A. P. Rovai Development of an instrument to measure classroom community , 2002, Internet High. Educ..

[33]  Elizabeth Stacey,et al.  Quality online participation : establishing social presence , 2000 .

[34]  Robert J. Rossi,et al.  Schools as Communities , 1997 .

[35]  James R. Layton,et al.  Integrating Technology for Meaningful Learning , 1999, J. Educ. Technol. Soc..

[36]  Robert J. Doolittle,et al.  Communication and a sense of community in a metropolitan neighborhood: A factor analytic examination , 1978 .

[37]  E. Aronson The Jigsaw Classroom , 1978 .

[38]  D. Hindman The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier , 1996 .

[39]  J. Gorham The relationship between verbal teacher immediacy behaviors and student learning , 1988 .

[40]  W. Davidson,et al.  Measurement of Sense of Community Within the Sphere of City1 , 1986 .

[41]  David H. Jonassen,et al.  Computers as Mindtools for Schools: Engaging Critical Thinking , 1999 .

[42]  D. Jeannie Habits of the Heart Individualism and Commitment in American Life , 2009 .